{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T20:30:44Z","timestamp":1786739444405,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>We describe a case of an anomalous separation of the medial rectus muscle in an 18-month-old female undergoing strabismus eye muscle surgery for partially accommodative esotropia. During surgery and after hooking the medial rectus muscle, it was noted that the width of the muscle tendon was shorter than usual and that the muscle insertion was displaced inferiorly, this prompt further exploration. It was found that the medial rectus muscle had an anomaly were it was seperated into two (superior and inferior) compartments which were 5 mm apart. This finding may further suggest the compartmentalization theory of the horizontal rectus muscles where the muscle is separated into two nonoverlapping superior and inferior zones, each working independently of the other. In this report, we present the case and suggest surgical technique that can be utilized to address this abnormality, along with the postoperative results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-4534.322607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T16:04:52Z","timestamp":1627488292000},"page":"297-299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Anomalous separation of the medial rectus muscle, abnormal separation into superior and inferior compartment, and surgical management"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Maan","family":"Alkharashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(05)80055-4","article-title":"Extraocular muscles: Basic and clinical aspects of structure and function","volume":"39","author":"Porter","year":"1995","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R2-13-20240830","first-page":"1709","article-title":"A case of congenital absence of the inferior rectus muscle","volume":"79","author":"Asano","year":"1985","journal-title":"Jpn Rev Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R3-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2016.07.231","article-title":"Bilateral absence of the inferior rectus muscle presenting with pseudoptosis: Treatment of a novel presentation","volume":"20","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"key":"R4-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.10.1453","article-title":"Bifid medial rectus muscle insertion associated with intermittent distance exotropia","volume":"123","author":"Sundaram","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R5-13-20240830","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Anomalous medial rectus muscle insertion 15 in a patient with nonrefractive comitant esotropia","volume":"48","author":"Choi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pediatr Ophthalmol 16 Srabismus"},{"key":"R6-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.305","article-title":"Short tag noose technique for optional and late suture adjustment in strabismus surgery","volume":"127","author":"Nihalani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R7-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4612","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-5330","article-title":"Compartmentalized innervation of primate lateral rectus muscle","volume":"51","author":"Peng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R8-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2830","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6651","article-title":"Intramuscular innervation of primate extraocular muscles: Unique compartmentalization in horizontal recti","volume":"52","author":"da Silva Costa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R9-13-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-15968","article-title":"Independent active contraction of extraocular muscle compartments","volume":"56","author":"Shin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"}],"container-title":["Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/1319-4534.322607","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T19:29:03Z","timestamp":1786735743000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/1319-4534.322607"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1319-4534.322607","relation":{},"ISSN":["1319-4534"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1319-4534","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}}}