{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T12:09:52Z","timestamp":1659096592537},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]],"date-time":"2022-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2697,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Nucl Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This case report explores the potential role of FDG PET\/CT in HIV -associated systemic non-Hodgkin\u2032s lymphoma (HIV-NHLs). In our locality, there are a cumulative total of 5523 reported HIV infections cases since 1984. We reported a case of HIV-related Burkitt\u2032s lymphoma (BL) and a case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) that underwent PET\/CT examination in our PET centre. In HIV-NHLs patients, we must be reminded that not all hypermetabolic foci represent lymphomatous lesions. There is a close correlation between the pattern of lymphoid tissue activation in FDG PET\/CT and HIV progression in patients without HIV-related malignancy. The unique patterns of lymphoid tissue activation observed in HIV-infected patients have great clinical implications. Secondly, HIV-infected patients are prone to suffer from opportunistic infections due to immunosuppression, particularly in those with high levels of HIV viral loads. FDG PET\/CT cannot reliably differentiate metabolic active lymphoma from other benign diseases such as inflammation in the context of low CD4 count and high viral loads. In those cases, benign markedly hypermetabolic foci can be erroneously interpreted as lymphoma, particularly in those normal-sized lymph nodes. Furthermore, FDG PET\/CT may be useful for assessing the efficacy of HAART in suppressing HIV replication and detecting its complication such as lipodystrophy. FDG PET\/CT may play a potential useful role in staging and management of HIV -associated systemic non-Hodgkin\u2032s lymphoma. Plasma variables such as viral loads and CD4 count must be taken into account during image interpretation. FDG PET\/CT as a potential useful tool for diagnosis, treatment response assessment and disease relapse detection in HIV -associated systemic non-Hodgkin\u2032s lymphoma worth to be further explored.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/1450-1147.150551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,2]],"date-time":"2015-02-02T08:45:28Z","timestamp":1422866728000},"page":"53-56","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Promising Role of Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography\/Computed Tomography in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Associated Non-Hodgkin\u2032s Lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Boom","family":"Kung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Unit and PDY Clinical PET Centre, Jordan, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W","family":"Mak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. M. J.","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Unit and PDY Clinical PET Centre, Jordan, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Auyong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Unit and PDY Clinical PET Centre, Jordan, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Unit and PDY Clinical PET Centre, Jordan, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/1450-1147.150551-1","first-page":"343","volume-title":"Neoplastic conditions in the context of HIV-1 infection","author":"Aoki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr HIV Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1450-1147.150551-2","first-page":"1736","volume-title":"Association of cancer with AIDS-related immunosuppression in adults","author":"Frisch","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1450-1147.150551-3","first-page":"1711","volume-title":"Cancer incidence in a population with a high prevalence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1","author":"Rabkin","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1450-1147.150551-4","first-page":"3009","volume-title":"Adult Burkitt leukemia and lymphoma","author":"Blum","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1450-1147.150551-5","first-page":"945","volume-title":"Anatomical loci of HIV-associated immune activation and association with viraemia","author":"Iyengar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1450-1147.150551-6","first-page":"959","volume-title":"Whole-body positron emission tomography in patients with HIV-1 infection","author":"Scharko","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1450-1147.150551-7","first-page":"640","volume-title":"FDG-PET imaging in HIV-infected subjects: Relation with therapy and immunovirological variables","author":"Lucignani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1450-1147.150551-8","first-page":"610","volume-title":"PET\/CT in the evaluation of lymphoma in patients with HIV-1 with suppressed viral loads","author":"Goshen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Nucl Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1450-1147.150551-9","first-page":"695","volume-title":"18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography\/computed tomography in AIDS-related Burkitt lymphoma","author":"Just","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1450-1147.150551-10","first-page":"985","volume-title":"Fluorodeoxyglucose imaging in healthy subjects with HIV infection: Impact of disease stage and therapy on pattern of nodal activation","author":"Brust","year":"2006","journal-title":"AIDS"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Nuclear Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.4103\/1450-1147.150551.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]],"date-time":"2022-05-21T22:35:57Z","timestamp":1653172557000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.4103\/1450-1147.150551"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1450-1147.150551","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1450-1147","1607-3312"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1450-1147","type":"print"},{"value":"1607-3312","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}}}