{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T03:20:39Z","timestamp":1793330439029,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Transplantation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) stands as a potent stroke therapy, but its exact mechanism remains unknown. This study investigated the anti-apoptotic mechanisms by which hMSCs exert neuroprotective effects on cerebral ischemia. Primary mixed cultures of rat neurons and astrocytes were cultured and exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation. A two-hour period of \u201creperfusion\u201d in standard medium and normoxic conditions was allowed and immediately followed by hMSCs and\/or Bcl-2 antibody treatment. Cell viability of primary rat neurons and astrocytes was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthianol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide and trypan blue exclusion methods. hMSC survival and differentiation were characterized by immunocytochemistry, while the concentration of Bcl-2 in the supernatant was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to reveal the secretory anti-apoptotic function of hMSCs. Cultured hMSCs expressed embryonic-like stem cell phenotypic markers CXCR4, Oct4, SSEA4, and Nanog, as well as immature neural phenotypic marker Nestin. Primary rat neurons and astrocytes were protected from oxygen-glucose deprivation by hMSCs, which was antagonized by the Bcl-2 antibody. However, Bcl-2 levels in the supernatants did not differ between hMSC- and non-treated cells exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation. Neuroprotective effects of hMSCs against cerebral ischemia were partially mediated by the anti-apoptotic mechanisms. However, further studies are warranted to fully elucidate this pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.247464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]],"date-time":"2019-01-10T08:41:14Z","timestamp":1547109674000},"page":"597-604","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Neuroprotective effects of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells against cerebral ischemia are mediated in part by an anti-apoptotic mechanism"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yuyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology \/ School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 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