{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T19:52:11Z","timestamp":1786737131561,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Regen Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.295334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]],"date-time":"2020-10-09T15:15:01Z","timestamp":1602256501000},"page":"734","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Altered electroencephalographic networks in developmental dyslexia after remedial training: a prospective case-control study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"JulianaA","family":"Dushanova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"StefanA","family":"Tsokov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Annett M (1970) A classification of hand preference by association analysis. Br J Psychol 61:303-321.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1970.tb01248.x"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barrat A, Barth\u00e9lemy M, Vespignani A (2008) Dynamical processes on complex networks. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511791383"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bassett DS, Bullmore E (2006) Small-world brain networks. Neuroscientist 12:512-523.","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858406293182"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benassi M, Simonelli L, Giovagnoli S, Bolzani R (2010) Coherence motion perception in developmental dyslexia: A meta-analysis of behavioral studies. Dyslexia 16:341-357.","DOI":"10.1002\/dys.412"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Binder JR, Desai RH, Graves WW, Conant LL (2009) Where is the semantic system? A critical review and meta-analysis of 120 functional neuroimaging studies. Cereb Cortex 19:2767-2796.","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhp055"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boccaletti S, Latora V, Moreno Y, Chavez M, Hwanga DU (2006) Complex networks: Structure and dynamics. Phys Rep 424:175-308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physrep.2005.10.009"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boersma M, Smit DJ, Boomsma DI, De Geus EJ, Delemarre-van de Waal HA, Stam CJ (2013) Growing trees in child brains: graph theoretical analysis of electroencephalography-derived minimum spanning tree in 5- and 7-year-old children reflects brain maturation. Brain Connect 3:50-60.","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2012.0106"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boets B, Vandermosten M, Cornelissen P, Wouters J, Ghesqui\u00e8re P (2011) Coherent motion sensitivity and reading development in the transition from prereading to reading stage. Child Dev 82:854-869.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2010.01527.x"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bullmore E, Sporns O (2009) Complex brain networks: graph theoretical analysis of structural and functional systems. Nat Rev Neurosci 10:186-198.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2575"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chouake T, Levy T, Javitt DC, Lavidor M (2012) Magnocellular training improves visual word recognition. Front Hum Neurosci 6:14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00014"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ebrahimi L, Pouretemad H, Khatibi A, Stein J (2019) Magnocellular based visual motion training improves reading in persian. Sci Rep 9:1142.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37753-7"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farahibozorg S, Henson RN, Woollams AM, Hauk O (2019) Distinct roles for the Anterior Temporal Lobe and Angular Gyrus in the spatio-temporal cortical semantic network. bioRxiv doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/544114.","DOI":"10.1101\/544114"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fornito A, Zalesky A, Bullmore ET (2010) Network scaling effects in graph analytic studies of human resting-state fMRI data. Front Syst Neurosci 4:22.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2010.00022"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fraga Gonz\u00e1lez G, Van der Molen MJW, \u017dari\u0107 G, Bonte M, Tijms J, Blomert L, Stam CJ, Van der Molen MW (2016) Graph analysis of EEG resting state functional networks in dyslexic readers. Clin Neurophysiol 127:3165-3175.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2016.06.023"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giacometti P, Perdue KL, Diamond SG (2014) Algorithm to find high density EEG scalp coordinates and analysis of their cor-respondence to structural and functional regions of the brain. J Neurosci Methods 229:84-96.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2014.04.020"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-16","unstructured":"Girolami-Boulinier A (1985) Assessing Reading and Writing Skills (CALE). Delachaux & Niestle, Neuchatel - Paris, Masson."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goswami U (2015) Sensory theories of developmental dyslexia: three challenges for research. Nat Rev Neurosci 16:43-54.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3836"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Habib \u041c (2000) The neurological basis of developmental dyslexia: An overview and working hypothesis. Brain 123:2373-2399.","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.12.2373"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hagmann P, Sporns O, Madan N, Cammoun L, Pienaar R, Wedeen VJ, Meuli R, Thiran JP, Grant PE (2010) White matter maturation reshapes structural connectivity in the late developing human brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:19067-19072.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1009073107"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harmony T (2013) The functional significance of delta oscillations in cognitive processing. Front Integr Neurosci 7:83.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2013.00083"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He W, Sowman PF, Brock J, Etchell AC, Stam CJ, Hillebrand A (2019) Increased segregation of functional networks in developing brains. Neuroimage 200:607-620.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.06.055"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Horowitz-Kraus T, Holland SK (2015) Greater functional connectivity between reading and error-detection regions following training with the reading acceleration program in children with reading difficulties. Ann Dyslexia 65:1-23.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11881-015-0096-9"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-23","unstructured":"Kalonkina A, Lalova Y (2016) Normative indicators for the test battery for a written speech assessment. Sofia, Bulgaria: Rommel Publishing House."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koessler L, Maillard L, Benhadid A, Vignal JP, Felblinger J, Vespignani H, Braun M (2009) Automated cortical projection of EEG sensors: anatomical correlation via the international 10-10 system. Neuroimage 46:64-72.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.02.006"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kruskal JB (1956) On the shortest spanning subtree of a graph and the traveling salesman problem. Proc Am Math Soc 7:48.","DOI":"10.1090\/S0002-9939-1956-0078686-7"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-26","unstructured":"Lalova Y, Dushanova J, Kalonkina A, Tsokov S, Hristov I, Totev T, Stefanova M (2018) Vision and visual attention of children with developmental dyslexia. Psychol Res 21:247-261."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-27","unstructured":"Lalova Y, Dushanova J, Kalonkina A, Tsokov S (2019) Application of specialised psychometric tests and training practices in children with developmental dyslexia. Psychol Res 22:271-283."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-28","unstructured":"Lawton T (2011) Improving magnocellular function in the dorsal stream remediates reading deficits. Optom Vis Dev 42:142-154."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lawton T (2016) Improving dorsal stream function in dyslexics by training figure\/ground motion discrimination improves attention, reading fluency, and working memory. Front Hum Neurosci 10:397.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00397"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lawton T, Shelley-Tremblay J (2017) Training on movement figure-ground discrimination remediates low-level visual timing deficits in the dorsal stream, improving high-level cognitive functioning, including attention, reading fluency, and working memory. Front Hum Neurosci 11:236.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00236"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liao LD, Wang IJ, Chen SF, Chang JY, Lin CT (2011) Design, fabrication and experimental validation of a novel dry-contact sensor for measuring electroencephalography signals without skin preparation. Sensors 11:5819-5834.","DOI":"10.3390\/s110605819"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu K, Shi L, Chen F, Waye MM, Lim CK, Cheng PW, Luk SS, Mok VC, Chu WC, Wang D (2015) Altered topological organization of brain structural network in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia. Neurosci Lett 589:169-175.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2015.01.037"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-33","unstructured":"Matanova V, Todorova E (2013) DDE-2 Test Battery for Evaluation of Dyslexia of Development - Bulgarian Adaptation. Sofia, Bulgaria: OS Bulgaria Ltd."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qian Y, Bi HY (2015) The effect of magnocellular-based visual-motor intervention on Chinese children with developmental dyslexia. Front Psychol 6:1529.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.01529"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-35","unstructured":"Raichev P, Geleva T, Valcheva M, Rasheva M, Raicheva M (2005) Protocol on neurological and neuropsychological studies of children with specific learning disabilities. In: Integrated Learning and Resource Teacher (Evgenieva E, ed), pp82-105. Sofia, Bulgaria: Publishing House \u201cDr. Ivan Bogorov\u201d."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-36","unstructured":"Raven J, Raven JC, Court JH (1998) Manual for Raven\u2019s progressive matrices and vocabulary scales. Section 2: The coloured progressive matrices. Oxford, UK: Oxford Psychologists Press."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rubinov M, Sporns O (2010) Complex network measures of brain connectivity: uses and interpretations. Neuroimage 52:1059-1069.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.10.003"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-38","unstructured":"Sartori G, Job R, Tressoldi PE (2007) DDE-2: Battery for the assessment of developmental dyslexia and dysorthographia \u2013 2. Florence: Giunti O.S."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schlaggar BL, McCandliss BD (2007) Development of neural systems for reading. Annu Rev Neurosci 30:475-503.","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.28.061604.135645"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schurz M, Wimmer H, Richlan F, Ludersdorfer P, Klackl J, Kronbichler M (2015) Resting-state and task-based functional brain connectivity in developmental dyslexia. Cereb Cortex 25:3502-3514.","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhu184"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shaywitz SE, Shaywitz BA, Pugh KR, Fulbright RK, Constable RT, Mencl WE, Shankweiler DP, Liberman AM, Skudlarski P, Fletcher JM, Katz L, Marchione KE, Lacadie C, Gatenby C, Gore JC (1998) Functional disruption in the organization of the brain for reading in dyslexia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:2636-2641.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.5.2636"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith K, Ablo D, Escudero J (2017) Accounting for the complex hierarchical topology of EEG phase-based functional connectivity in network binarisation. PLoS One 12:e0186164.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0186164"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spironelli C, Penolazzi B, Angrilli A (2008) Dysfunctional hemispheric asymmetry of theta and beta EEG activity during linguistic tasks in developmental dyslexia. Biol Psychol 77:123-131.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2007.09.009"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sporns O (2013) Structure and function of complex brain networks. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 15:247-262.","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2013.15.3\/osporns"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stam CJ, Tewarie P, Van Dellen E, van Straaten EC, Hillebrand A, Van Mieghem P (2014) The trees and the forest: Characterization of complex brain networks with minimum spanning trees. Int J Psychophysiol 92:129-138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2014.04.001"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stam CJ, Nolte G, Daffertshofer A (2007) Phase lag index: assessment of functional connectivity from multi-channel EEG and MEG with diminished bias from common sources. Hum Brain Mapp 28:1178-1193.","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20346"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stein J (2014) Dyslexia: the role of vision and visual attention. Curr Dev Disord Rep 1:267-280.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40474-014-0030-6"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tewarie P, van Dellen E, Hillebrand A, Stam CJ (2015) The minimum spanning tree: an unbiased method for brain network analysis. Neuroimage 104:177-188.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.10.015"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tomasello R, Garagnani M, Wennekers T, Pulvermuller F (2017) Brain connections of words, perceptions and actions: A neurobiological model of spatio-temporal semantic activation in the human cortex. Neuropsychologia 98:111-129.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2016.07.004"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Wijk BC, Stam CJ, Daffertshofer A (2010) Comparing brain networks of different size and connectivity density using graph theory. PLoS One 5:e13701.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013701"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vincent JL, Kahn I, Zinder AZ, Raichle ME, Buckner RL (2008) Evidence for a frontoparietal control system revealed by intrinsic functional connectivity. J Neurophysiol 100:3328-3342.","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.90355.2008"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vogel W, Broverman DM, Klaiber EL (1968) EEG and mental abilities. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 24:166-175.","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(68)90122-3"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vourkas M, Micheloyannis S, Simos PG, Rezaie R, Fletcher JM, Cirino PT, Papanicolaou AC (2011) Dynamic task-specific brain network connectivity in children with severe reading difficulties. Neurosci Lett 488:123-128.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2010.11.013"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Watts DJ, Strogatz SH (1998) Collective dynamics of \u2018small-world\u2019 networks. Nature 393:440-442.","DOI":"10.1038\/30918"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilmer JB, Richardson AJ, Chen Y, Stein JF (2004) Two visual motion processing deficits in developmental dyslexia associated with different reading skills deficits. J Cogn Neurosci 16:528-540.","DOI":"10.1162\/089892904323057272"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolf RC, Sambataro F, Lohr C, Steinbrink C, Martin C, Vasic N (2010) Functional brain network abnormalities during verbal working memory performance in adolescents and young adults with dyslexia. Neuropsychologia 48:309-318.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2009.09.020"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-57","unstructured":"World Federation of Neurology (1968) Report of research group on dyslexia and world illiteracy. Dallas: WFN."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xia M, Wang J, He Y (2013) BrainNet Viewer: a network visualization tool for human brain connectomics. PLoS One 8:e68910.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068910"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1673-5374.295334-59","unstructured":"Yakimova R (2004) Abnormalities of written speech. Sofia, Bulgaria: Rommel Publishing House."}],"container-title":["Neural Regeneration Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T18:50:32Z","timestamp":1786733432000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/1673-5374.295334"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"alternative-id":["295334"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1673-5374.295334","relation":{},"ISSN":["1673-5374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1673-5374","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}