{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:30:57Z","timestamp":1787776257947,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"\n Background and purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n Garcinia mangostana<\/jats:italic>\n , simply known as mangosteen, has long been used by Thai traditional medicine because of its reported antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities for the treatment of skin infections. In this study, mangosteen pericarps were developed into a hydrogel patch to eradicate acne-inducing bacteria.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Experimental procedure:<\/jats:title>\n \n The\n G. mangostana<\/jats:italic>\n extract was investigated for bactericidal activity. A hydrogel patch containing the extract was examined for mechanical properties, antibacterial activity,\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n release, skin permeation, and a phase I clinical study of skin irritation and allergic testing by a closed patch test.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Finding\/Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The\n G. mangostana<\/jats:italic>\n hydrogel patch made from carrageenan and locust bean gum powders was yellow in color, smooth, durable, and flexible. This\n G. mangostana<\/jats:italic>\n hydrogel patch was effective against\n Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n . The active ingredient, \u03b1-mangostin, was released and permeated from the\n G. mangostana<\/jats:italic>\n hydrogel patch within the first 30 min at 33.16 \u00b1 0.81% and 32.96\u00b1 0.97%, respectively. The\n G. mangostana<\/jats:italic>\n hydrogel patch showed no irritation in 30 healthy volunteers. However, two volunteers had delayed allergic contact dermatitis to 0.5% (w\/w)\n G. mangostana<\/jats:italic>\n hydrogel patch.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion and implication:<\/jats:title>\n \n This hydrogel patch containing\n G. mangostana<\/jats:italic>\n ethanolic extract is not recommended for patients who have any reaction to mangosteen but has utility as an anti-acne facial mask.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-5362.355195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T07:09:29Z","timestamp":1661843369000},"page":"457-467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Garcinia mangostana hydrogel 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