{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T13:32:31Z","timestamp":1784640751347,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","content-domain":{"domain":["cytojournal.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\nBackground:<\/jats:title>\nThe cytologic diagnosis of Small lymphocytic lymphoma\/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (SLL\/CLL) often relies on finding a small lymphoid population with the characteristic immunoprofile by ancillary testing. There are only a few reports of other processes identified with SLL\/CLL. The aim of this study was to review the fine needle aspiration (FNA) and touch prep (TP) diagnoses of SLL\/CLL in order to identify any coincident entities.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nMaterials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\nWe retrospectively reviewed all FNA and TP cytology cases between January 2005 and May 2009 with a diagnosis of SLL\/CLL to determine the presence of any coincident process.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nResults:<\/jats:title>\nWe identified 29 cases, including 23 FNAs and six TPs, from 23 patients. Ancillary studies were utilized in 97% of the cases, including flow cytometry (FC, 79%), immunohistochemistry (IHC, 55%), fluorescent in situ<\/jats:italic> hybridization studies (24%) and special stains (7%). Coincident entities were identified in nine cases (31%) and included seven (28%) neoplastic entities (Hodgkin lymphoma [HL], adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, seminoma) and two (7%) non-neoplastic entities (infection and immunoglobulin containing cells). Six cases (21%) suspicious for large cell transformation were also identified.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nConclusion:<\/jats:title>\nIn our review of SLL\/CLL, coincident entities were present in 31% of the cases and included a spectrum of non-neoplastic and neoplastic processes. FC was the most frequently utilized ancillary test, but IHC provided important information by excluding a mantle cell lymphoma or confirming a coincident process. Thus, cytomorphologic evaluation in these patients is important due to the high risk of a coincident process that may not be apparent by FC alone and may require clinical management.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/1742-6413.70966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,11]],"date-time":"2010-10-11T06:01:02Z","timestamp":1286776862000},"page":"20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25259\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The spectrum of coincident entities with small lymphocytic lymphoma\/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (SLL\/CLL) diagnosed by cytology"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Hannah A.","family":"Kastenbaum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walid E.","family":"Khalbuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond E.","family":"Felgar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Stoller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara E.","family":"Monaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.4103\/1742-6413.70966\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2303.2006.00331.x","article-title":"Role of ancillary techniques in diagnosing and subclassifying non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphomas on fine needle aspiration cytology","volume":"17","author":"Dey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cytopathology"},{"key":"10.4103\/1742-6413.70966\/ref-2","first-page":"14","article-title":"Introduction to the WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues","volume-title":"WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues","author":"Swerdlow","year":"2008","edition":"4th ed"},{"key":"10.4103\/1742-6413.70966\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.20040","article-title":"Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) studies on direct smears: an approach to enhance the fine needle aspiration biopsy diagnosis of B-cell non-hodgkin lymphomas","volume":"117","author":"Monaco","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Cytopathology"},{"key":"10.4103\/1742-6413.70966\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.11-1-21","article-title":"Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia: recent advances in diagnosis and treatment","volume":"11","author":"Abbott","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"10.4103\/1742-6413.70966\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5446","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-06-093906","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A report from the International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia updating the National Cancer Institute-Working Group 1996 guidelines","volume":"111","author":"Hallek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.4103\/1742-6413.70966\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/84.18.1422","article-title":"Second cancers in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia","volume":"84","author":"Travis","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.4103\/1742-6413.70966\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/93.3.333","article-title":"Hodgkin\u2018s disease variant of richter\u2019s syndrome: report of eight cases","volume":"93","author":"Brecher","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.4103\/1742-6413.70966\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/103.3.348","article-title":"B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia followed by high-grade T-cell lymphoma. 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