{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T13:21:43Z","timestamp":1790601703831,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Surg Neurol Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.125860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,27]],"date-time":"2014-01-27T06:34:38Z","timestamp":1390804478000},"page":"12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["External lumbar drain: A pragmatic test for prediction of shunt outcomes in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Azedine","family":"Medhkour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silky","family":"Chotai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricky","family":"Medel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"NabeelA","family":"Herial","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-1","first-page":"181","volume-title":"The efficiency of PC-MRI in diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus and prediction of shunt response","author":"Algin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-2","first-page":"64","volume-title":"Selection of patients with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus for shunt placement: A single-institution experience","author":"Anile","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-3","first-page":"331","volume-title":"Does CSF outflow resistance predict the response to shunting in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus?","author":"Boon","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-4","first-page":"1479","volume-title":"Increased intracranial volume: A clue to the etiology of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus?","author":"Bradley","year":"2004","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-5","first-page":"823","volume-title":"Screening tests for normal-pressure hydrocephalus: Sensitivity, specificity, and cost","author":"Burnett","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-6","first-page":"649","volume-title":"Self-reported functional outcome after surgical intervention in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Cage","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-7","first-page":"1430","volume-title":"Effectiveness of shunting in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus predicted by temporary, controlled-resistance, continuous lumbar drainage: A pilot study","author":"Chen","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-8","first-page":"842","volume-title":"The predictive value of 5 days CSF diversion for shunting in normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Di","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-9","first-page":"509","volume-title":"Use of cerebrospinal fluid flow rates measured by phase-contrast MR to predict outcome of ventriculoperitoneal shunting for idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Dixon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-10","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure amplitude during lumbar infusion in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus can predict response to shunting","author":"Eide","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cerebrospinal Fluid Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-11","first-page":"375","volume-title":"The diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Gallia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-12","first-page":"379","volume-title":"Techniques and complications of external lumbar drainage for normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Governale","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-13","first-page":"336","volume-title":"Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: A report of 73 patients","author":"Greenberg","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-14","first-page":"25","volume-title":"[Temporary lumbar external drainage in normal pressure hydrocephalus]","author":"Haan","year":"1989","journal-title":"Tijdschr Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-15","first-page":"307","volume-title":"The special clinical problem of symptomatic hydrocephalus with normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure.Observations on cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics","author":"Hakim","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-16","first-page":"1","volume-title":"The value of cerebrospinal fluid tap test for predicting shunt effectiveness in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-17","first-page":"721","volume-title":"Comparison between the lumbar infusion and CSF tap tests to predict outcome after shunt surgery in suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Kahlon","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-18","first-page":"729","volume-title":"Predicting the outcome of shunt surgery in normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Kilic","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-19","first-page":"67","volume-title":"Flow void of cerebrospinal fluid in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus of the elderly: Can it predict outcome after shunting?","author":"Krauss","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-20","first-page":"1675","volume-title":"Brain MRI as a predictor of CSF tap test response in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-21","first-page":"850","volume-title":"Safety and efficacy of gravitational shunt valves in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: A pragmatic, randomised, open label, multicentre trial (SVASONA)","author":"Lemcke","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-22","first-page":"783","volume-title":"The predictive value of cerebrospinal fluid dynamic tests in patients with th idiopathic adult hydrocephalus syndrome","author":"Malm","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-23","first-page":"576","volume-title":"Three-year survival and functional outcome of patients with idiopathic adult hydrocephalus syndrome","author":"Malm","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-24","first-page":"S17","volume-title":"The value of supplemental prognostic tests for the preoperative assessment of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Marmarou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-25","first-page":"237","volume-title":"Guidelines for management of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: Progress to date","author":"Marmarou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-26","first-page":"987","volume-title":"Diagnosis and management of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus: A prospective study in 151 patients","author":"Marmarou","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-27","first-page":"699","volume-title":"Diagnosis, treatment, and analysis of long-term outcomes in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus","author":"McGirt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-28","first-page":"127","volume-title":"Co-morbidity as a predictor of outcome in patients with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Meier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-29","first-page":"295","volume-title":"Extended long-term (>5 years) outcome of cerebrospinal fluid shunting in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Mirzayan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-30","first-page":"973","volume-title":"Diagnostic value of CSF biomarker profile in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus; leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein is a potential biological marker","author":"Nakajima","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rinsho Shinkeigaku"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-31","first-page":"123","volume-title":"Indications for endoscopic third ventriculostomy in normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Paidakakos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-32","first-page":"76","volume-title":"Intracranial compartment volumes in normal pressure hydrocephalus: Volumetric assessment versus outcome","author":"Palm","year":"2006","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-33","first-page":"953","volume-title":"The predictive value of external continuous lumbar drainage, with cerebrospinal fluid outflow controlled by medium pressure valve, in normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Panagiotopoulos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-34","first-page":"i17","volume-title":"Hydrocephalus and shunts: What the neurologist should know","author":"Pople","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-35","first-page":"1282","volume-title":"Normal pressure hydrocephalus: Long-term outcome after shunt surgery","author":"Pujari","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-36","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Prospective analysis by computed tomography and long-term outcome of 23 adult patients with chronic idiopathic hydrocephalus","author":"Raftopoulos","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-37","first-page":"43","volume-title":"Correlation between tap test and CSF aqueductal stroke volume in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Sankari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-38","first-page":"463","volume-title":"Normal-pressure hydrocephalus.Predicting the results of cerebrospinal fluid shunting","author":"Stein","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-39","first-page":"145","volume-title":"Use of cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-beta and total tau protein to predict favorable surgical outcomes in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Tarnaris","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-40","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Conservative versus surgical management of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: A prospective double-blind randomized controlled trial: study protocol","author":"Toma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-41","first-page":"366","volume-title":"Normal-pressure hydrocephalus.Is cisternography still useful in selecting patients for a shunt?","author":"Vanneste","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-42","first-page":"251","volume-title":"Shunting normal pressure hydrocephalus: the predictive value of combined clinical and CT data","author":"Vanneste","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-43","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Diagnosis and management of normal-pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Vanneste","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-44","first-page":"271","volume-title":"The CSF tap test in normal pressure hydrocephalus: Evaluation time, reliability and the influence of pain","author":"Virhammar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/2152-7806.125860-45","first-page":"503","volume-title":"The value of temporary external lumbar CSF drainage in predicting the outcome of shunting on normal pressure hydrocephalus","author":"Walchenbach","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Surgical Neurology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T12:29:43Z","timestamp":1554812983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/surgicalneurologyint.com\/surgicalint-articles\/external-lumbar-drain-a-pragmatic-test-for-prediction-of-shunt-outcomes-in-idiopathic-normal-pressure-hydrocephalus\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}},"alternative-id":["125860"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2152-7806.125860","relation":{},"ISSN":["2152-7806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2152-7806","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}