{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:31:42Z","timestamp":1787758302497,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is a bilateral granulomatous panuveitis. We report a rare case of SO presenting after scleral necrosis as a late complication of Gamma Knife radiotherapy for choroidal melanoma. A 55-year-old woman presented with primary choroidal melanoma in the right eye and has been treated with Gamma Knife radiotherapy with stable tumor size. Five years after radiotherapy, a pigmented protrusive uveal mass was visibly noted over the superior sclera of the same eye, corresponding to periocular soft tissue enhancement on computed tomography. Biopsies of the pigmented mass showed the absence of malignancy. One month later, acute blurred vision with signs of sympathetic ophthalmia developed in the left eye. The patient received high-dose systemic corticosteroids and immunomodulatory therapy. The intraocular inflammation in the left eye subsided with improving vision, and the uveal mass in the right eye flattened after the anti-inflammatory therapy. Scleral necrosis is a rare complication following radiotherapy for choroidal melanoma and may incite sympathetic ophthalmia, for which prompt and aggressive treatment is important to save vision, especially for the fellow eye.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/2211-5056.360046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T03:43:39Z","timestamp":1667187819000},"page":"548-551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sympathetic ophthalmia following radiation-induced scleral necrosis in choroidal melanoma"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yen-Cheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Jang","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chieh-Chih","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Jen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"De-Kuang","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2011.01.036","article-title":"Sympathetic ophthalmia: A review of literature","volume":"113","author":"Chaithanyaa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"R2-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/1869-5760-3-49","article-title":"Sympathetic ophthalmia: To the twenty-first century and beyond","volume":"3","author":"Chu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect"},{"key":"R3-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1963.00960050788011","article-title":"Sympathetic ophthalmia associated with malignant melanoma","volume":"70","author":"Easom","year":"1963","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R4-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2017.11.013","article-title":"Sympathetic ophthalmia associated with untreated choroidal melanoma","volume":"53","author":"Viswanathan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R5-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2016.275","article-title":"Uveal melanoma: Relatively rare but deadly cancer","volume":"31","author":"Kaliki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"R6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1987.01060110107042","article-title":"Sympathetic ophthalmia complicating helium ion irradiation of a choroidal melanoma","volume":"105","author":"Fries","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R7-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.102384","article-title":"Sympathetic ophthalmia after ruthenium plaque brachytherapy","volume":"91","author":"Ahmad","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R8-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.3109\/09273948.2012.689072","article-title":"Sympathetic ophthalmia after proton beam irradiation for choro\u00efdal melanoma","volume":"20","author":"Brour","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"R9-20240830","first-page":"102","article-title":"Malignant melanoma of the choroid with sympathetic ophthalmia","volume":"42","author":"Romaine","year":"1949","journal-title":"Arch Ophthal"},{"key":"R10-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-006-0299-1","article-title":"Sympathetic ophthalmia after surgical resection of iridociliary melanoma. A case report","volume":"244","author":"Garcia-Arumi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R11-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13928","article-title":"Scleral necrosis after brachytherapy for uveal melanoma: Analysis of risk factors","volume":"49","author":"Jabbarli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R12-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.10.021","article-title":"Scleral necrosis after plaque radiotherapy of uveal melanoma: A case-control study","volume":"120","author":"Kaliki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"}],"container-title":["Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/2211-5056.360046","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:12:46Z","timestamp":1787757166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/2211-5056.360046"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2211-5056.360046","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-5056","2211-5072"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-5056","type":"print"},{"value":"2211-5072","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-06-16","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-24","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}