{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:27:57Z","timestamp":1787776077878,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n \n Resistance of\n Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n species to antimonial drugs has increased. Hence, in the present study\n Leishmania major<\/jats:italic>\n isolates were collected from patients with resistance phenotype and the presence\/absence of resistance to Glucantime was investigated.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n Samples were taken from 10 cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients who had not responded to chemotherapy with Glucantime. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to identify the isolated species. Stationary phase promastigotes were added to the grown, adhesive J774 macrophages. Values obtained from standard strain were compared with the test cultures after exposure to the medicine.\n In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n , the effects of Glucantime were assessed by comparing the sizes and the parasite burden of the lesions on mouse model.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The results of amplified band on agarose gel demonstrated all samples were\n L. major<\/jats:italic>\n . After exposure to medicine, a reduction of intracellular amastigotes to half was detected.\n In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n , the parasite was eliminated in 90% of mice with lesions caused by both isolates of patients and standard\n L. major<\/jats:italic>\n , and their lesions became smaller significantly.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n \n Pentavalent antimonial (SbV) salts are the main component of chemotherapy against leishmaniasis. However, the medicine has been found ineffective. In the present study, isolates from patients with no response to treatment had no significant difference from the standard\n L. major<\/jats:italic>\n strain (as the sensitive strain). Therefore, in patients with resistance phenotype to Glucantime, the parasites did not actually have intrinsic resistance, i.e., environmental and host factors prevented the successful treatment of the disease.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-9175.201329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]],"date-time":"2017-03-08T04:49:32Z","timestamp":1488948572000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Treatment Outcome of the Drug-resistant Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis by Glucantime"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Simindokht","family":"Soleimanifard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Arjmand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sedighe","family":"Saberi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mansoor","family":"Salehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Hossain","family":"Hejazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Isfahan, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Skin Disease and Leishmaniasis Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.79.192","article-title":"Epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Suriname: A study performed in 2006","volume":"79","author":"van der Meide","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"R2-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.2004.98","article-title":"A new epidemic focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in central Iran","volume":"24","author":"Yaghoobi-Ershadi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"key":"R3-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.2001.4663","article-title":"Gene amplification in amphotericin B-resistant leishmania tarentolae","volume":"99","author":"Singh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"R4-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-013-3685-8","article-title":"Association of water extract of green propolis and liposomal meglumine antimoniate in the treatment of experimental visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"113","author":"Ferreira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"R5-20250806","first-page":"8155","article-title":"Therapeutic and adverse effects of glucantime used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis","author":"Beheshti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Shiraz E-Medical Journal"},{"key":"R6-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.19.1.111-126.2006","article-title":"Drug resistance in leishmaniasis","volume":"19","author":"Croft","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"R7-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1998.11813313","article-title":"Do the diminishing efficacy and increasing toxicity of sodium stibogluconate in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in Bihar, India, justify its continued use as a first-line drug? 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