{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:26:50Z","timestamp":1787776010814,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common reason for infertility. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency distribution of endometritis in women with unexplained infertility and comparison with frequency distribution of endometritis in anovulatory infertility to identify the importance of endometritis due to subacute PID evaluation in the case of infertility.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n This case\u2013control study was done on 100 women with unexplained infertility and ovulatory infertility who referred to Shahid Beheshti clinic in 2013 in Isfahan, Iran. They were divided into two groups of unexplained infertility and anovulatory infertility. Endometrial samples were given from all the patients by Pipelle biopsy under sterile conditions, and then prepared samples were sent to the pathology laboratory to evaluate the existence of plasma cells by a pathologist to diagnose endometritis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Frequency distribution of acute PID history among the patients in both groups showed a significant difference (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05). Prevalence of endometritis in unexplained infertility group was 34% and in anovulatory group was 21% (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05). Prevalence of vaginitis was 46% in unexplained group and 40% in anovulatory group (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05), and prevalence of PID was 4% in unexplained infertility group and 0% in anovulatory infertility group.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n The prevalence of endometritis and vaginitis was more in the unexplained infertility group rather than the anovulatory infertility group that may reveal the importance of endometritis evaluation in the cases of unexplained infertility.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-9175.219416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,29]],"date-time":"2017-11-29T01:41:47Z","timestamp":1511919707000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparing the Frequency of Endometritis in Unexplained Infertility and Anovulatory Infertility"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Ataollah","family":"Ghahiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahare","family":"Malekzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hatav Ghassemi","family":"Tehrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.121728","article-title":"Endometritis: The clinical-pathologic syndrome","volume":"186","author":"Eckert","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R2-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.12.131","article-title":"Chronic endometritis is a frequent finding in women with recurrent implantation failure after in vitro fertilization","volume":"93","author":"Johnston-MacAnanny","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"R3-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0804690","article-title":"Endometriosis","volume":"360","author":"Bulun","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R4-20250806","first-page":"164","article-title":"Endometriosis and infertility: A review","volume":"51","author":"Allaire","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"R7-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2010.02.008","article-title":"Chlamydia screening and pelvic inflammatory disease: Insights from exploratory time-series analyses","volume":"38","author":"Owusu-Edusei","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"R8-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.05.032","article-title":"Practice Committee of American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Diagnostic evaluation of the infertile female: A committee opinion","volume":"98","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"R9-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2006.12.003","article-title":"Psychological impact of infertility","volume":"21","author":"Cousineau","year":"2007","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"R10-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.87","article-title":"Endometritis does not predict reproductive morbidity after pelvic inflammatory disease","volume":"188","author":"Haggerty","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R11-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1345","article-title":"Country of birth and hospitalization for pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, endometriosis, and infertility: A nationwide study of 2 million women in Sweden","volume":"90","author":"Eggert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"R12-20250806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OLQ.0000123649.52033.75","article-title":"Associations among human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II DQ variants, bacterial sexually transmitted diseases, endometritis, and fertility among women with clinical pelvic inflammatory disease","volume":"31","author":"Ness","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"}],"container-title":["Advanced Biomedical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01679891-201706000-00151","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:48:46Z","timestamp":1787773726000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01679891-201706000-00151"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2277-9175.219416","relation":{},"ISSN":["2277-9175"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2277-9175","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-05-01","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-05-01","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}