{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:30:51Z","timestamp":1786649451736,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Improvement in neurological status following dexamethasone administration is dramatic. However, it has the potential to cause hyperglycaemia and anti-inflammatory effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims and Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study was planned to evaluate the variations in blood glucose levels and anti-inflammatory mediators in response to a single dose of dexamethasone in neurosurgical patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present prospective, non-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted in sixty-four adult patients of either sex, belonging to ASA I to III, scheduled to undergo elective craniotomy under GA. A standard protocol for induction of anaesthesia was followed. The decision to administer 8mg dexamethasone was taken by the operating surgeon and consultant anaesthesiologist, depending upon the need, administered at the time of dural incision. Patients were divided into 3 groups: DD- patients already on dexamethasone and receiving intraoperatively, ND - not on dexamethasone but receiving intraoperatively, and NN- neither on dexamethasone nor receiving intraoperatively. Venous sample was taken for blood sugar estimation at 1hr, 2hr, 3hr, and 4hr after administrating dexamethasone, then every 4 hrs till 24 hrs. WBC count with neutrophil percentage, haematocrit, serum lactate and C-reactive protein was measured at baseline, 12 hours and 24 hours. All three groups showed a rise in blood glucose, peaking at 4 hours and returning to baseline values at 24 hours. A significant difference in anti-inflammatory mediators was seen in group DD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single dose of dexamethasone administered intraoperatively induces an increase in blood sugar levels and changes in anti-inflammatory mediator.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_107_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]],"date-time":"2025-05-31T11:00:09Z","timestamp":1748689209000},"page":"649-655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Variations in Levels of Blood Sugar and Anti-Inflammatory Mediators Following Dexamethasone in Neurosurgical Patients"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Renu","family":"Bala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seema","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyoti","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manjulata","family":"Kumawat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aes431","article-title":"Impact of perioperative dexamethasone on postoperative analgesia and side-effects: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"110","author":"Waldron","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R2-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.4103\/1793-5482.177660","article-title":"Evaluation of hyperglycaemic response to intra-operative dexamethasone administration in patients undergoing elective intracranial surgery: A randomised, prospective study","volume":"11","author":"Sethi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian J Neurosurg"},{"key":"R3-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118927","article-title":"Mechanism of dexamethasone suppression of brain tumor-associated vascular permeability in rats. Involvement of the glucocorticoid receptor and vascular permeability factor","volume":"98","author":"Heiss","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"R4-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1097\/01.cco.0000142076.52721.b3","article-title":"The management of brain edema in brain tumors","volume":"16","author":"Kaal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"key":"R5-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.12309","article-title":"Routine use of dexamethasone for postoperative nausea and vomiting: The case against","volume":"68","author":"Bartlett","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R6-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1097\/00008506-200404000-00003","article-title":"Effect of single-dose dexamethasone on blood glucose concentration in patients undergoing craniotomy","volume":"16","author":"Pasternak","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"key":"R7-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000146943.45445.55","article-title":"Hyperglycemia in patients administered dexamethasone for craniotomy","volume":"100","author":"Lukins","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R8-20260422","first-page":"52","article-title":"Evaluation of blood glucose concentration profile after 8 mg dexamethasone in patients coming for head and neck surgeries","volume":"7","author":"Upendra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Paripex Indian J Res"},{"key":"R9-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-0736-9","article-title":"Effect of high-dose dexamethasone on perioperative lactate levels and glucose control: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Ottens","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"R10-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2018.05.007","article-title":"More harm than benefit of perioperative dexamethasone on recovery following reconstructive head and neck cancer surgery: A prospective double-blind randomized trial","volume":"76","author":"Kainulainen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R11-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13785","article-title":"The effects of single-dose dexamethasone on inflammatory response and pain after uterine artery embolisation for symptomatic fibroids or adenomyosis: A randomised controlled study","volume":"123","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"R12-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(00)01082-1","article-title":"Dexamethasone reduces the inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass in children","volume":"69","author":"Bronicki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"R13-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-5333.155179","article-title":"The preoperative single dose dexamethasone effect to pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokine during orthopedic surgery","volume":"29","author":"Musba","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian JPain"}],"container-title":["Annals of African Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_107_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T18:54:20Z","timestamp":1786647260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_107_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aam.aam_107_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["1596-3519","0975-5764"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1596-3519","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-5764","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-06-19","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-08","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}