{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:39:19Z","timestamp":1786649959342,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748822400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure for severe knee joint conditions, requiring effective postoperative pain management to improve outcomes and minimize side effects. This study aims to compare the analgesic efficacy and safety of 0.1% ropivacaine versus 0.125% bupivacaine, each combined with dexmedetomidine, for femoral nerve block in TKA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This comparative observational study was conducted at KMC Hospitals, Mangalore, from September 2022 to January 2024. Seventy-two patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for unilateral TKA were included, with 36 in each group. Group R received 0.1% ropivacaine with 0.75 \u03bcg\/kg dexmedetomidine and Group B received 0.125% bupivacaine with 0.75 \u03bcg\/kg dexmedetomidine. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at various time points postoperatively. Other outcomes included SPO2 levels, blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, and time to rescue analgesia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both groups showed comparable pain relief, with no significant differences in VAS scores at rest or during motion at 24 h postoperation. SPO2 levels were similar across groups, with a significant difference only at 10 min postoperation. Blood pressure measurements showed no significant differences. Nausea and vomiting rates were high but similar between groups. The time to first rescue analgesia was slightly longer for the bupivacaine group (318 min vs. 305 min).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both 0.1% ropivacaine and 0.125% bupivacaine, each with dexmedetomidine, provide effective analgesia for TKA with minimal impact on vital signs. Bupivacaine showed a trend toward lower blood pressure, which may benefit cardiovascular patients. Further research with larger cohorts and extended monitoring is recommended.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_12_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T03:00:56Z","timestamp":1748833256000},"page":"129-133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of 0.1% Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine Compared to 0.125% Bupivacaine with Dexmedetomidine in Ultrasound-Guided Femoral Nerve Block for Postoperative Analgesia after Total Knee Arthroplasty \u2013 A Comparative Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Manjesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Emergency Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumesh T.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Emergency Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhusudan","family":"Upadya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Emergency Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kavya","family":"Prabhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Emergency Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2015.12.008","article-title":"Management of postoperative pain: A clinical practice guideline from the American Pain Society, the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists'Committee on Regional Anesthesia, Executive Committee, and Administrative Council","volume":"17","author":"Chou","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"R3-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5049.79875","article-title":"Ropivacaine: A review of its pharmacology and clinical use","volume":"55","author":"Kuthiala","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"R4-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5049.98767","article-title":"Comparison of dexmedetomidine and clonidine (\u03b12 agonist drugs) as an adjuvant to local anaesthesia in supraclavicular brachial plexus block: A randomised double-blind prospective study","volume":"56","author":"Swami","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"R5-20260109","first-page":"6136105","article-title":"Organ-Protective Effects and the Underlying Mechanism of Dexmedetomidine","author":"Bao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm 2020"},{"key":"R6-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5049.183392","article-title":"Effect of addition of dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine 0.2% for femoral nerve block in patients undergoing unilateral total knee replacement: A randomised double-blind study","volume":"60","author":"Sharma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"R7-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12535","article-title":"Postoperative pain management in total knee arthroplasty","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"key":"R8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1177\/230949901302100307","article-title":"Ropivacaine versus bupivacaine for 3-in-1 block during total knee arthroplasty","volume":"21","author":"Theodosiadis","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"},{"key":"R9-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.4103\/aer.AER_134_17","article-title":"Comparison of efficacy of epidural ropivacaine versus bupivacaine for postoperative pain relief in total knee replacement surgeries","volume":"12","author":"Bhasin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anesth Essays Res"},{"key":"R10-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.4103\/aer.AER_155_17","article-title":"Postoperative ultrasound guided continuous femoral nerve blockade for unilateral total knee arthroplasty: A comparison of 0.125% bupivacaine and 0.2% ropivacaine","volume":"11","author":"Babu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anesth Essays Res"},{"key":"R11-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e318168b493","article-title":"Postoperative analgesic efficacy of peripheral levobupivacaine and ropivacaine: A prospective, randomized double-blind trial in patients after total knee arthroplasty","volume":"106","author":"Heid","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R12-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-014-0471-4","article-title":"Postoperative pain after bupivacaine supplementation in mandibular third molar surgery: Splint-mouth randomized double blind controlled clinical trial","volume":"18","author":"de","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg"}],"container-title":["Annals of African Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_12_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:00:27Z","timestamp":1786647627000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_12_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aam.aam_12_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["1596-3519","0975-5764"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1596-3519","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-5764","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-10","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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