{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T17:31:12Z","timestamp":1786728672818,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Congenital heart defects (CHD) is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Cardiac axis assessment on the four-chamber view has been proposed as a simple adjunct marker for detecting underlying cardiac anomalies during second-trimester anomaly scans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between cardiac axis deviation and congenital cardiac defects and assess its diagnostic performance as a screening parameter.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective observational study included 810 pregnant women undergoing routine anomaly scans at 18\u201324-week gestation at a tertiary care center. Cardiac axis was measured on the four-chamber view and classified as normal (25\u00b0\u201365\u00b0), left deviation (&gt;65\u00b0), or right deviation (&lt;25\u00b0). Fetuses with suspected abnormalities underwent detailed fetal echocardiography and postnatal follow-up where feasible. Associations between axis category and anomalies were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Diagnostic performance indices were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cardiac axis was normal in 746 (92.1%) fetuses, large in 46 (5.7%), and small in 18 (2.2%). Cardiac anomalies were detected in 51 (6.3%) cases. Anomalies were present in 31\/46 (67.4%) with large axis and 15\/18 (83.3%) with small axis, compared with 5\/746 (0.7%) with normal axis (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Septal defects (atrial septal defect + ventricular septal defect VSD) were most frequent. Cardiac axis deviation showed sensitivity 90.2%, specificity 97.6%. Significant associations were also observed with selected extracardiac anomalies. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were more common when cardiac anomalies were present (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiac axis deviation is a strong marker of congenital cardiac anomalies and provides a high rule-out value when normal. Routine cardiac axis assessment during anomaly scans can aid early risk stratification and targeted referral.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_139_26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T05:00:15Z","timestamp":1779166815000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cardiac Axis Deviation in Anomaly Scan: A Marker for Underlying Cardiac Anomalies"],"prefix":"10.4103","author":[{"given":"Yashodhan Sanjay","family":"Dhonukshe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre and BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siddaroodha","family":"Sajjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre and BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suresh","family":"Kanamadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre and BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"container-title":["Annals of African Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_139_26","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T16:30:14Z","timestamp":1786725014000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_139_26"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aam.aam_139_26","relation":{},"ISSN":["1596-3519","0975-5764"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1596-3519","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-5764","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-11","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-22","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}