{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T20:00:14Z","timestamp":1791489614728,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Japanese encephalitis (JE) is one of the most important causes of viral encephalitis in Uttar Pradesh (UP). Over 5 years (2018\u20132022), this study aims to find out the seropositivity for JEV in cases presenting as AES.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over 5 years, 8131 cerebrospinal fluid and 504 serum samples were tested for anti-JEV Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies by IgM antibody capture (MAC) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer\u2019s instructions (MAC ELISA kit developed by the National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 526 cases (6.09%) tested positive for anti-JEV IgM antibodies during the study periods. The number of JEV positives was high in 2018 (11.25%) but decreased gradually over the next 5 years (2019 (5.71%), 2020 (5.22%), 2021 (4.36%), and 2022 (2.91%). JE positivity is declining over time in UP, India. There is an age shift from children to adults. Men are more often affected than women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Further JE-centric studies with an emphasis on immunization are required to determine the influence of vaccination on the incidence of Japanese encephalitis and the population shift among adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_185_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T12:01:47Z","timestamp":1740139307000},"page":"263-267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Trend of Japanese Encephalitis in Uttar Pradesh, India"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Anuragani","family":"Verma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, King George\u2019s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shruti","family":"Radera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, King George\u2019s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amita","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, King George\u2019s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Om","family":"Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, King George\u2019s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil Kumar","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, King George\u2019s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4908.","DOI":"10.1038\/srep04908","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis virus in mosquitoes during an outbreak in China, 2013","volume":"4","author":"Tao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R2-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152656.","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/152656","article-title":"Clinical profile and outcome of Japanese encephalitis in children admitted with acute encephalitis syndrome","volume":"2013","author":"Kakoti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"R3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3716","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_449_20","article-title":"Japanese encephalitis in Uttar Pradesh, India: A situational analysis","volume":"9","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"R4-20260423","first-page":"175","article-title":"Japanese encephalitis in China in the period of 1950-2018: From discovery to control","volume":"34","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed Environ Sci"},{"key":"R5-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2012.10.004","article-title":"Japanese encephalitis: A review of the Indian perspective","volume":"16","author":"Tiwari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R6-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-9062.225835","article-title":"Aetiology of acute encephalitis syndrome in Uttar Pradesh, India from 2014 to 2016","volume":"54","author":"Jain","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vector Borne Dis"},{"key":"R7-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268815000928","article-title":"Trend of Japanese encephalitis in Uttar Pradesh, India from 2011 to 2013","volume":"144","author":"Jain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"R8-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.4103\/2224-3151.207040","article-title":"A review of Japanese encephalitis in Uttar Pradesh, India","volume":"1","author":"Kumari","year":"2012","journal-title":"WHO South East Asia J Public Health"},{"key":"R9-20260423","first-page":"93","article-title":"Role of integrated vector management for prevention and control of Japanese encephalitis\/acute encephalitis syndrome (JE\/AES)\u2013a review","volume":"46","author":"Kumari","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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achieving and maintaining optimal JE control","volume":"6","author":"Vannice","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"R28-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz672","article-title":"Persistence of immune responses with an inactivated Japanese encephalitis single-dose vaccine, JENVAC and interchangeability with a live-attenuated vaccine","volume":"222","author":"Vadrevu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Annals of African 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