{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:31:30Z","timestamp":1787070690243,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder with significant nonmotor symptom (NMS) burden, including impulse control disorders. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate NMS and impulse control disorders in PD patients under primary care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 32 PD patients and evaluated using standardized assessment tools. Demographics, comorbidities, and symptom burdens were recorded. Evaluation tools included the Hoehn and Yahr Scale, REM Sleep Behavior Disorder assessment, Geriatric Depression Scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale for cognitive impairment, NMS scale, and identification of impulse control disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In PD, comorbidities were prevalent (84%), and most were at Hoehn and Yahr Stages 2 and 3. REM Sleep Behavior Disorder was present in 28.12%, with 5 receiving clonazepam treatment. Depression affected 28.12%, with 5 receiving pharmacological treatment. Cognitive impairment was notable in 9 patients. NMS burden was high, with varying severity. Impulse control disorders were limited, whereas one case of dopamine dysregulation syndrome was identified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This primary care-based study in India assessed NMS and impulse control disorders in PD patients, highlighting comorbidities and management opportunities. The study\u2019s strength lies in evaluating an unselected primary care population, whereas limitations include small sample size.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study emphasizes the importance of primary care physicians in monitoring and managing NMS in PD patients. Impulse control disorders and cognitive impairment are critical aspects that need attention. The findings support an integrated approach involving health-care professionals across various disciplines to provide holistic care for PD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_198_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T01:02:10Z","timestamp":1717981330000},"page":"400-405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nonmotor Symptoms and Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson\u2019s Disease Patients in India: A Cross-sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Amit","family":"Varshney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Noida International Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pankaj","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vidya Sagar","family":"Ram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-5416-4_16","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"65","author":"Mhyre","year":"2012","journal-title":"Subcell Biochem"},{"key":"R2-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-017-1686-y","article-title":"Epidemiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"124","author":"Tysnes","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna)"},{"key":"R3-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-2327.167713","article-title":"Research in Parkinson\u2019s disease in India: A review","volume":"19","author":"Surathi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"key":"R4-20260507","first-page":"198316","article-title":"Nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s disease in 2012: Relevant clinical aspects","volume":"2012","author":"Bonnet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parkinsons Dis"},{"key":"R5-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23645","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03118-w","article-title":"Identifying Parkinson\u2019s disease subtypes with motor and non-motor symptoms via model-based multi-partition clustering","volume":"11","author":"Rodriguez-Sanchez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R6-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2011.00001","article-title":"Impulse control disorders: Updated review of clinical characteristics and pharmacological management","volume":"2","author":"Schreiber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"R7-20260507","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00351","article-title":"Impulse control disorders in Parkinson\u2019s disease. 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