{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:33:28Z","timestamp":1787841208037,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733961600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"\n Context:<\/jats:title>\n Patients recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection continue to have some persistent symptoms or develop new symptoms, resulting in impairment of everyday activities beyond the initial acute period. The current study was undertaken to understand the long term health implications of covid 19 and to analyse the correlation of post covid symptoms with the severity of infection and inflammatory markers at the time of hospitalisation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aims:<\/jats:title>\n (1) To estimate the prevalence of post covid symptoms at the end of 1 month,3 months and 12 months after discharge, (2) To correlate post covid symptoms with the severity of infection and inflammatory markers at the time of hospitalisation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Settings and Design:<\/jats:title>\n The study design was a cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Subjects and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n A prospective observational study was done on 150 COVID-19 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-positive patients aged 18 years and above recovering from acute infection discharged from Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre. All the patients were followed up for 1 year, during which telephonic interviews were conducted, and a systematic enquiry was made regarding post-COVID-19 symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Analysis Used:<\/jats:title>\n \n Data were entered in MS Excel and analyzed in SPSS V25. Descriptive statistics are represented with percentages, mean with standard deviation, or median with interquartile range depending on the nature of the data. The Kolmogorov\u2013Smirnov test was applied to find normality. The Chi-square test, Independent\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -test, or Mann\u2013Whitney\n U<\/jats:italic>\n -test were calculated depending on normality;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n A total of 150 COVID-19-positive patients discharged from the hospital were included in the study. Sixty-seven percent of patients had symptoms at 1 month, 39% at 3 months, and 31% of patients persisted to have symptoms at 1 year. The most common symptoms at 1 year were fatigue (5%), breathlessness (5%), and insomnia (5%). No statistically significant correlation was found with the severity of infection, inflammatory markers, and other variables.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Approximately one-third of patients who recover from acute COVID-19 infection may continue to have post-COVID-19 symptoms at 1 year after infection. Fatigue is the most common post-COVID-19 symptom. Post-COVID-19 symptoms can affect COVID-19 survivors regardless of the severity of the infection.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_199_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]],"date-time":"2024-12-13T00:00:10Z","timestamp":1734048010000},"page":"167-172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Long-term Health Implications of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Prospective Study on Post-coronavirus Disease 2019 Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Akshatha","family":"Savith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ameena","family":"Meah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramya Shapur Sridhar","family":"Murthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nidhi Bharat","family":"Phal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003773.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003773","article-title":"Incidence, co-occurrence, and evolution of long-COVID features: A 6-month retrospective cohort study of 273,618 survivors of COVID-19","volume":"18","author":"Taquet","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"R2-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01283-z","article-title":"Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Nalbandian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"R3-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7314.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11247314","article-title":"Age, sex and previous comorbidities as risk factors not associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection for long COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Notarte","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"R4-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2021.05.004","article-title":"Epidemiology and organ specific sequelae of post-acute COVID19: A narrative review","volume":"83","author":"Korompoki","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"R5-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1089","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1750","article-title":"Comprehensive health assessment 3 months after recovery from acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","volume":"73","author":"Van den Borst","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R6-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2021.04.007","article-title":"Long COVID: An overview","volume":"15","author":"Raveendran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"R7-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2021.1924397","article-title":"Long COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome: Putative pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatments","volume":"53","author":"Yong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect Dis (Lond)"}],"container-title":["Annals of African Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_199_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:43:32Z","timestamp":1787838212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_199_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aam.aam_199_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["1596-3519","0975-5764"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1596-3519","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-5764","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-11-28","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-08","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}