{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:21:57Z","timestamp":1787775717130,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) are relatively uncommon neoplasms in 2% of apparently healthy individuals requiring evaluation for functionality and malignancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to study the clinical, biochemical, and radiological profiles of patients presenting with AI and histopathological outcomes of those undergoing adrenalectomy. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 62 AI patients attending a tertiary care center in South India between January 2016 and October 2023. Demographic details, radiological features, functionality, and histopathological data were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of 62 patients, total masses evaluated were 65 indicating bilaterality in 3 patients. The female: male ratio was 1.69, with a median age of 55 years (interquartile range: 44\u201364 years). 45.1% of individuals were &gt;60 years. The most common indication for imaging was pain abdomen in 43 (69.4%). The median size was 3.2 cm. Fifty-five (88.7%) were assessed for functionality and 27 (49.1%) were functional. Among the 62 individuals, 14 (20.2%) had hypercortisolism, 11 (15.9%) had pheochromocytoma, 5 (7.24%) had primary hyperaldosteronism (PA), and 4 (5.7%) had hyperandrogenism including plurihormonal in 7. A mass size of 3.2 cm was of great value in distinguishing functional tumors with a sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 66% with an area under the curve of 0.682. A total of 34 (54.8%) patients underwent adrenalectomy. On histopathological examination, Adenoma (44.1%) was the most common followed pheochromocytoma (26.5%), adrenal cysts (8.8%), and Myelolipoma (5.9%). Two (5.9%) incidentalomas were adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). Eight (53.3%) adenomas were functional with 6 having hypercortisolism (including 1 with hyperandrogenism) and 2 with PA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In our experience, the incidence of pheochromocytoma was second most common after adenoma. Since most functional tumors (60%) and all ACCs were \u22654 cm, a thorough biochemical evaluation for hormonal excess and evaluation for malignancy followed by surgery should be considered for lesions, especially \u22654 cm. Thus, we report the baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with AI from a single center in South India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_212_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,21]],"date-time":"2024-08-21T20:45:11Z","timestamp":1724273111000},"page":"567-574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Adrenal Incidentaloma from a Single Center in South India: A Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Abhijeet B","family":"Jawanjal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siddarth","family":"Sadananda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikitha","family":"Sriramaneni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. P.","family":"Ganavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pramila","family":"Kalra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chitra","family":"Selvan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. R.","family":"Manjunath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Praneethi K.","family":"Shetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-0467","article-title":"Management of adrenal incidentalomas: European Society of Endocrinology clinical practice guideline in collaboration with the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors","volume":"175","author":"Fassnacht","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"R2-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2017.32.2.200","article-title":"Clinical guidelines for the management of adrenal incidentaloma","volume":"32","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab (Seoul)"},{"key":"R3-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3093290.","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3093290","article-title":"Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with adrenal incidentaloma from a single center in China: A survey","volume":"2017","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"key":"R4-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.ijem_335_21","article-title":"Adrenal incidentaloma needs thorough biochemical evaluation \u2013 An institutional experience","volume":"26","author":"Shah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R5-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmed.2023-0042","article-title":"Investigation and assessment of adrenal incidentalomas","volume":"23","author":"Cuthbertson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Med (Lond)"},{"key":"R6-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2017.05.001","article-title":"Management of incidental adrenal masses: A white paper of the ACR incidental findings committee","volume":"14","author":"Mayo-Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"R7-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.7326\/M21-1737","article-title":"Cardiometabolic disease burden and steroid excretion in benign adrenal tumors: A cross-sectional multicenter study","volume":"175","author":"Prete","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R8-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.4158\/EP15618.OR","article-title":"Clinical outcomes in adrenal incidentaloma: experience from one center","volume":"21","author":"Patrova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"R9-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1490273","article-title":"Prevalence and natural history of adrenal incidentalomas","volume":"149","author":"Barzon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"R10-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03344099","article-title":"Prevalence of adrenal incidentaloma in a contemporary computerized tomography series","volume":"29","author":"Bovio","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"R11-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1948.00220190045004","article-title":"Adenomas of the adrenal cortex","volume":"81","author":"Commons","year":"1948","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med (Chic)"},{"key":"R12-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1945.00210350030005","article-title":"Small adenomas of the adrenal cortex in hypertension and diabetes","volume":"76","author":"Russi","year":"1945","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med (Chic)"},{"key":"R13-20260427","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2011.12.006","article-title":"Adrenal incidentaloma","volume":"26","author":"Arnaldi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R14-20260427","first-page":"637","article-title":"A survey on adrenal incidentaloma in Italy. 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