{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T21:52:51Z","timestamp":1790977971251,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Bisphosphonates (BPs; alendronate and risedronate) have been approved as a therapy for osteoporosis. While the efficacy of these drugs appears similar, differences in safety and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) adverse effects are lacking. Consequently, a systematic review and a meta-analysis were carried out reporting on the incidence rate of GIT adverse effects and the safety of alendronate versus risedronate. In this study, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used. This study collected articles from Embase, PubMed, Cochrane library, and Web of Science. Only RCTs that focused on the comparison between alendronate and risedronate in treating patients with osteoporosis were included. Risk ratios (RRs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and random-effects model were calculated. This meta-analysis identified 2202 studies including 4151 participants. There were six eligible RCTs. The incidence rate of GIT adverse effects in patients who received alendronate was 20.19%, while the incidence rate in patients who received risedronate was 18.30%. The rate of GIT adverse effects was not significantly different with alendronate compared to risedronate (RR: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.86\u20131.42;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.44). In this review, the incidence rate of alendronate-associated gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects was slightly higher than the incidence rate of risedronate-associated GI adverse effects. Although the finding is not statistically significant, switching the patient from alendronate to risedronate may nevertheless lower the incidence rate of GI side effects.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_216_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T15:00:29Z","timestamp":1778857229000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adverse Gastrointestinal Effects of Alendronate Versus Risedronate in Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.4103","author":[{"given":"Mahmoud Ismail","family":"Nouh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Care, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hala","family":"Albuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Care, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Hasosah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences College of Medicine, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hani Raka","family":"Karrar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Dr. Samir Abbas Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Alazhar University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rwid Enzar","family":"Ashgar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Care, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousef Ismail","family":"Nouh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rehab Salah Aldin","family":"Alhendi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of OB\/GYN, Maternity and Children Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tariq Mohammed","family":"Omaish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ibn Sina College Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanin Ali","family":"Aseeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ibn Sina College Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah Abdulhadi","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Aldawa Company, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Hayazi","family":"Albariqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Care, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman Eid","family":"Alqarzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Care, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman Faisal","family":"Baomar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Care, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waad Hassan","family":"Bahabri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Care, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi 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