{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:33:21Z","timestamp":1787762001647,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Nerve block anesthesia is a common regional anesthesia used for upper limb surgeries because of its ability to target the operative site and provision of impressive postanesthetic pain relief. This randomized, single-blinded study compared the quality of block of the perineural (PN) and perivascular (PV) techniques of axillary brachial plexus block under ultrasound guidance.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Sixty-six participants were recruited into either PV or PN groups. The local anesthetic (LA) comprised 14 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, 14 ml of 1% lidocaine, and 2 ml of dexmedetomidine (50 \u03bcg\/ml). Under ultrasound guidance, 6 ml of LA was deposited around the musculocutaneous nerve for both groups. For the PV group, 24 ml was deposited dorsal to the axillary artery while 8 ml each was deposited around median, radial, and ulnar nerves for the PN group.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The mean total procedure time in PN group was significantly longer than in the PV group (7.82 \u00b1 0.95 min vs. 4.79 \u00b1 1.11 min;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001). Participants in the PN group required more needle passes (66.7% required 4 passes while 81.8% required only 2 passes in the PV group). The success rate was 100% in PN group and 93.9% in PV group (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.49).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n The PV and PN techniques were comparable in terms of their success rates and total anesthesia-related times. The PN technique had higher success rate and faster block onset, but the PV provided a quicker performance time and fewer needle passes. Hence, PV technique may be preferable to PN for high-volume surgical units.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_224_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]],"date-time":"2023-07-07T01:27:27Z","timestamp":1688693247000},"page":"259-264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Block Performance Indices of Perivascular and Perineural Techniques of Ultrasound-Guided Axillary Block in Upper Limb Surgeries"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Oluwaseun Kehinde","family":"Adebayo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olayinka 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