{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:25:14Z","timestamp":1787772314941,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of perceived bleeding symptoms in Nigerian women and the usefulness of a simple clinical screening tool for bleeding symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A population-based cross-sectional survey of 1524 women of 16\u201350 years in Southeast Nigeria using a structured, prevalidated, pretested questionnaire was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 1524 (85%) women responded with the mean age of 26 (10.6) years. Prevalence of bleeding symptoms was 24.6% and 11% of the women reported a positive family history of bleeding symptoms. There was a significant association between having a positive family history of bleeding disorder and experiencing bleeding symptoms (adjusted odds ratio: 0.12, 95% confidence interval: 0.06\u20130.22\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001). Two hundred and six women experienced at least one bleeding symptom, 125 (8.2%) experienced at least two, whereas 43 (2.8%) experienced &gt;3 bleeding symptoms. The most common perceived bleeding symptom was heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) present in 83 women (22.2%), 141 (9.3%) reported a past history of HMB, 202 (13.3%) had heavy bleeds during most of their monthly cycle, and 351 (23%) requiring resuscitation with blood support.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of perceived bleeding symptoms among women is high, and HMB is the most common bleeding symptom. This clinical screening tool is easy and cost-effective in routinely identifying women with bleeding symptoms needing further hemostatic and obstetrics evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_26_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T12:48:06Z","timestamp":1716382086000},"page":"111-115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical Screening for Menorrhagia and Other Bleeding Symptoms in Nigerian Women"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Theresa Ukamaka","family":"Nwagha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen Chioma","family":"Okoye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela Ogechukwu","family":"Ugwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel Onyebuchi","family":"Ugwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-7-20240831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000148889.15061.fb","article-title":"Age and the prevalence of bleeding disorders in women with menorrhagia","volume":"105","author":"Philipp","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R2-7-20240831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2516.2005.01108.x","article-title":"More than menorrhagia: A review of the obstetric and gynaecological manifestations of bleeding 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