{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T08:59:22Z","timestamp":1790067562986,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Propofol is commonly used for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia. However, approximately 28%\u201390% of patients experience pain during injection. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of ondansetron, ramosetron, and granisetron, the three common 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonists in reducing the incidence and severity of propofol-induced pain (PIP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study included 120 adult patients (18\u201365 years old) scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Patients were randomly assigned to four groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 30 for each group). Granisetron (2 mg) was administered to Group G, ramosetron (0.3 mg) to Group R, ondansetron (4 mg) to Group O, and normal saline to Group N. Venous circulation was occluded by a rubber tourniquet to retain the drug in the vein and prevent its spread in circulation. Pain was assessed at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 s using a four-point verbal rating scale (VRS). The Kruskal\u2013Wallis, Chi-square, Friedman tests, and generalized estimating equations were used to analyze the data.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Groups O, R, and G demonstrated significantly reduced pain compared to group N at all-time points (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Granisetron (Group G) was the most effective, with a mean VRS of 0.00 at 20 s. PIP incidence was 100% in Group N, compared to 80%, 70%, and 26.7% in Groups O, R, and G, respectively (\u03c7\u00b2 =40.443,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Granisetron is the most effective in reducing PIP, though ondansetron and ramosetron also offer significant pain relief.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_360_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T05:00:18Z","timestamp":1771218018000},"page":"1664-1669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevention of Pain on Propofol Injection: A Comparison of Pretreatment with 5-Hydroxytryptamine 3 Antagonists Granisetron, Ondansetron, and Ramosetron"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Srishti","family":"Kindo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitesh","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dipali","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Superspeciality Anaesthesia, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subodh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medeor Hospital, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shio","family":"Priye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Superspeciality Anaesthesia, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khushboo","family":"Saran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Gandhi Nagar Hospital, Central Coalfields Ltd., Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7613.194845","article-title":"Pain on propofol 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