{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:21:19Z","timestamp":1788182479617,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Skeletal tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant clinical entity, particularly in developing nations, where extrapulmonary TB contributes substantially to morbidity. TB involving the upper limb bones is rare, particularly in the pediatric population. We report a case of isolated ulnar bone TB in an 11-year-old girl who was initially misdiagnosed as having a traumatic ulnar fracture following minor trauma. Diagnosis was confirmed through microbiological examination using Ziehl\u2013Neelsen staining, cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test, and culture. After pus aspiration, sinus excision, and daily wound care, antitubercular therapy was initiated based on the patient\u2019s body weight according to the pediatric TB guidelines. Following immobilization in cast and structured rehabilitation, the patient achieved radiological and functional recovery over 15 months. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of atypical skeletal TB and emphasizes the significance of early suspicion, microbiological confirmation, and tailored conservative management for achieving excellent outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_370_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T12:00:24Z","timestamp":1764072024000},"page":"1332-1335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pediatric Atypical Ulnar Tubercular Osteomyelitis with Diagnostic Dilemma"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Mahesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, King George\u2018s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shah","family":"Waliullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, King George\u2018s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujeet Kumar","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, King George\u2018s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, King George\u2018s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayush","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, King George\u2018s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uday","family":"Raj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, King George\u2018s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260831","first-page":"609","article-title":"Tuberculosis in children","volume":"25","author":"Rigaud","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"key":"R2-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16076","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.76","article-title":"Tuberculosis","volume":"2","author":"Pai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"R3-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199602000-00019","article-title":"Tuberculosis of bones and joints","volume":"78","author":"Watts","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R4-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.91B8.22074","article-title":"Tuberculosis of the hand: Clinical presentation and functional outcome in 32 patients","volume":"91","author":"Kotwal","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"R5-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-009-0184-7","article-title":"Skeletal tuberculosis in children in the Western world: 18 new cases with a review of the literature","volume":"3","author":"Hosalkar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Child Orthop"},{"key":"R6-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-017-3867-0","article-title":"Extrapulmonary involvement in pediatric tuberculosis","volume":"47","author":"Kritsaneepaiboon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"R7-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(70)90101-4","article-title":"Skeletal tuberculosis. 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A case report","volume":"89","author":"Ohtera","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R10-20260831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1097\/BPB.0000000000000193","article-title":"Solitary cystic tuberculosis of the distal femur and proximal tibia in children","volume":"24","author":"Erol","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop B"}],"container-title":["Annals of African Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_370_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:00:41Z","timestamp":1788181241000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_370_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aam.aam_370_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["1596-3519","0975-5764"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1596-3519","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-5764","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-25","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-21","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}