{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:21:31Z","timestamp":1788182491939,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1) are two chemokines released by macrophages. The presence of these chemokines facilitates the recruitment of cells to regions marked by bone resorption and inflammation. Despite extensive research on these people in inflammatory contexts, there is no definitive evidence linking these chemokines to metabolic illnesses such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or any other metabolic condition. Research suggests that the pineal gland\u2019s hormone melatonin, which is formed from serotonin, may impact metabolic and inflammatory pathways. This is in addition to inflammatory chemicals. Melatonin, MCP-1, and MIP-1 have not been linked to metabolic diseases in their anticipated roles. Melatonin, MIP-1, and MCP-1 concentrations in T2DM patients were correlated with noteworthy cardiometabolic risk variables; this was the aim of the study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n This study compared 83 healthy controls with 83 people who had T2DM using biochemical, anthropometric, and blood pressure measurements. This prospective, comparative, observational study was conducted over a 6-month recruitment period. The Department of Medicine at Index Medical College and Research Institute in Indore, India, enlisted volunteers throughout a 6-month period. The investigation involved two groups: individuals diagnosed with T2DM and healthy individuals of the same age. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were performed using Pearson\u2019s for parametric distributions. The groups were compared using the unpaired Student\u2019s\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -test. Multiple regression was used to predict the blood levels of MIP-1, MCP-1, and melatonin. Statistical significance was considered at\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Blood concentrations of MIP-1 and MCP-1 were higher in both controls and nontype 2 diabetic patients; however, melatonin levels in T2DM patients stayed the same. Triacylglycerol, diastolic blood pressure, and body mass index all showed positive correlations with MCP-1 concentrations. We observed an inverse relationship between MCP-1 levels and melatonin and high-density lipoproteins levels. Postprandial glucose levels were positively correlated with MCP-1 in T2DM patients. No cardiometabolic risk variables were significantly associated with melatonin levels in this population. There was a statistically significant relationship between population mean body mass and MCP-1 concentration (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001, adjusted\n R<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 18.7%) as determined by multiple regression analysis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n According to the findings, MCP-1 is present before T2DM metabolic problem. As a possible pathological biomarker for T2DM and its consequences, studying MCP-1 levels is essential.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_393_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T12:00:17Z","timestamp":1764072017000},"page":"1146-1153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Determination of Melatonin, Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1, and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Individuals"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Jhansi Lakshmi","family":"Lingidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Rourkela, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pramod","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Rourkela, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faizal","family":"Muhamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, AIIMS, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doddigarla","family":"Zephy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Rourkela, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay Kumar","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, AIIMS, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faiz Noor Khan","family":"Yusufi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and O.R., Faculty of Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 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