{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:21:20Z","timestamp":1788182480975,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Co-infections of tuberculosis (TB) with other pathogens, including HIV,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and parasitic diseases such as toxoplasmosis, are a growing concern in co-endemic, resource-limited settings. Although TB \u2013 toxoplasmosis co-infection has been reported in China, no epidemiological data are available from India, despite its high TB burden. Given this context, co-infection may pose a significant public health threat, underscoring the need for further investigation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of the study was to determine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of toxoplasmosis in TB patients in India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Settings and Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care Centre in Central India over a period of 2\u00bd years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum samples obtained from the different groups of confirmed TB patients were subjected to toxoplasma immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin G (IgG), and IgG avidity testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Statistical Analysis Used:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel, with tables and graphs employed to address the study objectives. Chi-square test was used to assess associations between variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Toxoplasma seropositivity was observed in 31.1% of TB patients, with the highest prevalence in Multidrug-resistant TB. Most IgG-positive samples exhibited high avidity, suggesting past infection. Among the evaluated risk factors, only residential area showed a significant association with seropositivity (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study is the first of its kind in India to provide valuable insights into toxoplasmosis and TB co-infection. It revealed the highest seropositivity among patients with multidrug-resistant TB and significantly increased rates among individuals from rural areas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_436_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T12:00:20Z","timestamp":1764072020000},"page":"1294-1299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Burden of Toxoplasmosis and Tuberculosis Co-Infection - A Cross-sectional Study from Central India"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Diptanu","family":"Majumder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, AIIMS, Kalyani, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Supriya S.","family":"Tankhiwale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Gondia, 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