{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:28:54Z","timestamp":1786649334955,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n With growing urbanization, cities are becoming increasingly polluted, and air pollution is becoming a major health concern. The objective of our study was to compare children travelling either by air-conditioned (AC) vehicles or non-AC school buses in terms of respiratory illnesses, spirometry parameters, and school attendance.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Children aged 6\u201311 years from classes 1 to 5 were included. Data were collected on demography, transportation details, history, and spirometry findings. Multinomial logistic regression and bivariate correlation tests were applied for the analysis of data.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n In total, 216 children were randomly selected, of which 210 students were included for the data analysis. In our study, we found 76. Seven percent of children had some or other respiratory symptoms in the last 30 days in either mode of transportation. Pulmonary function test results, including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n ) and FEV\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n : Peak expiratory flow rate ratio, were similar in both groups, with\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.99 and 0.400, respectively. Students who travel by bus or non-AC vehicles are 20% more likely to miss their attendance as compared to those who travel by AC vehicles, with an odds ratio of 1.20 (confidence interval 0.55\u20132.64;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.641).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Our research study concluded that children who ride on non-AC buses are more vulnerable to the negative impacts of air pollution and greater distances result in longer exposure to pollution, which aggravates respiratory conditions more frequently and raises school absenteeism.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_671_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T05:00:06Z","timestamp":1775797206000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Study on the Lung Health of School Children Travelling By School Buses and Air-Conditioned Vehicles: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","author":[{"given":"Tushar","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology - Trauma, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nayan","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saurabh","family":"Suman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology- Superspeciality, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dewesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anit","family":"Kujur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ladhu","family":"Lakra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anupa","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Genomics, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shio","family":"Priye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"container-title":["Annals of African Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_671_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T18:52:37Z","timestamp":1786647157000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_671_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aam.aam_671_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["1596-3519","0975-5764"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1596-3519","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-5764","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-25","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-12","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}