{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T12:12:51Z","timestamp":1789560771159,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773878400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children, especially in the endemic regions. Tuberculous pericardial effusion is a rare but severe extrapulmonary manifestation and may be further complicated by concurrent viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2. To describe a rare case of tuberculous pericardial effusion with concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection in an undernourished child and to discuss the diagnostic challenges and clinical management. A single-center, descriptive case report from a tertiary care hospital. A 9-year-old underweight, malnourished, unvaccinated male child presenting with acute respiratory distress was evaluated clinically and with imaging. Pericardial fluid analysis, Mantoux test, Cartridge-based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT), and SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR were performed. Therapeutic pericardiocentesis and anti-tubercular treatment were administered. Investigations revealed a large pericardial effusion with early tamponade physiology. Pericardial fluid showed a lymphocytic exudate with elevated adenosine deaminase. Mantoux test was positive, supporting a diagnosis of tubercular pericarditis despite negative CBNAAT. Concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed on RT-PCR. The child improved significantly following pericardiocentesis, anti-tubercular therapy, corticosteroids, and supportive management, with excellent recovery at 1-month follow-up. Tuberculous pericardial effusion remains a diagnostic challenge in pediatric patients, especially when co-infected with SARS-CoV-2. A high clinical suspicion is essential in TB endemic regions. Early diagnosis and timely intervention can lead to favorable outcomes even in undernourished and unvaccinated children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_744_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T09:00:14Z","timestamp":1774602014000},"page":"S262-S266","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Case of Tuberculous Pericardial Effusion with Concurrent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Undernourished Child"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Renuka","family":"Jadhav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shruti","family":"Gaonkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vineeta","family":"Pande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shailaja","family":"Mane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. 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