{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:36:21Z","timestamp":1787070981248,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The adoption of western lifestyles and dietary changes have culminated in an increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer in developing nations such as India and Nigeria. Propofol used for colonoscopies, which is the gold standard for early diagnosis, is associated with cardiopulmonary complications and is a poor choice as a sole agent due to a lack of analgesic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of intravenous (IV) lignocaine in minimizing the need for propofol during colonoscopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective observational study included 80 patients who had been posted for colonoscopies of either sex belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists Grades I and II. Patients who received lignocaine with propofol were included in Group L and those who received normal saline with propofol were included in Group C. The following was recorded: induction, maintenance, total amount of propofol, induction and recovery time, hemodynamic variables such as heart rate, mean arterial pressure, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, pain relief after receiving the injection, ease of the procedure for endoscopist satisfaction, comfort and patient satisfaction during the procedure, post-procedure pain and fatigue, recall, nausea and vomiting, and dizziness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      With regard to demographics, the groups were well matched. Group L had a statistically significant difference (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) in terms of patient comfort, lesser induction time, and propofol requirements when compared to Group C. Group C also had a lower rate of oxygen desaturation (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Propofol needs during colonoscopy can be considerably reduced using IV lignocaine, resulting in shorter induction time and better patient comfort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_84_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T11:58:09Z","timestamp":1740139089000},"page":"225-230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Intravenous Lignocaine as an Adjunct to Propofol Based Sedation in Colonoscopy: A Prospective, Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Freeda Praveena","family":"Cutinha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaila Surendra","family":"Kamath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. V.","family":"Sunil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.4103\/0300-1652.234076","article-title":"Emergence of colorectal cancer in West Africa: Accepting the inevitable","volume":"58","author":"Irabor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Niger Med J"},{"key":"R2-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-020-01049-z","article-title":"The propofol-sparing effect of intravenous lidocaine in elderly patients undergoing colonoscopy: A randomized, double-blinded, controlled study","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"R3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/SLE.0000000000000373","article-title":"The comparison of etomidate and propofol anesthesia in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Ye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech"},{"key":"R4-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.08.036","article-title":"Impact of intravenous and topical lidocaine on clinical outcomes in patients receiving propofol for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"128","author":"Hung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R5-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2020.02.050","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of intravenous lidocaine in propofol-based sedation for ERCP procedures: A prospective, randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial","volume":"92","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"R6-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42.","DOI":"10.1186\/s42077-021-00163-5","article-title":"Lidocaine and dexmedetomidine combined infusion as an alternative to propofol for sedation in colonoscopy","volume":"13","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ain Shams J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"R7-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.06.019","article-title":"Intravenous infusion of lidocaine significantly reduces propofol dose for colonoscopy: A randomised placebo-controlled study","volume":"121","author":"Forster","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R8-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aes097","article-title":"Evaluation of the effect of intravenous lidocaine on propofol requirements during total intravenous anaesthesia as measured by bispectral index","volume":"108","author":"Altermatt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R9-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-021-01525-0","article-title":"Use of intravenous lidocaine for dose reduction of propofol in paediatric colonoscopy patients: A randomised placebo-controlled study","volume":"21","author":"Yao","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"R10-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/75.5.573","article-title":"Effect of I.V. Lignocaine on the breathing of patients anaesthetized with propofol","volume":"75","author":"Goodman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R11-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198412000-00006","article-title":"The effect of lidocaine infusion on the ventilatory response to hypoxia","volume":"61","author":"Gross","year":"1984","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R12-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2021.01.008","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of supplemental intravenous lidocaine for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"93","author":"Kamal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"}],"container-title":["Annals of African Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_84_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:39:55Z","timestamp":1787067595000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aam.aam_84_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aam.aam_84_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["1596-3519","0975-5764"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1596-3519","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-5764","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-20","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-08","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}