{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:19:25Z","timestamp":1787840365267,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Youth violence is an important public health challenge, and the literature on this problem in developing countries has been limited. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of violence its related risk factors in in a sample of students in Isfahan, Iran.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross-sectional study, 2800 middle and high school, aged 11\u201318 years in urban and rural areas selected in a multistage sampling procedure and were questioned using a self-administered questionnaire. Collected data included sociodemographic and family characteristics, students' knowledge, verbal and physical violence (as a perpetrator and\/or victim), risk-taking behaviors (weapon carrying, threatening behaviors), family violent status, watching movies, and accessibility of sport facilities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The prevalence of verbal and physical violence in studied students was 45% and 33.3%, respectively. The prevalence of verbal and physical victimization was 45.8% and 23.6%, respectively. The prevalence of physical violence was higher in middle school students than high school students (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.0001) and in boys was higher than in girls (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.0001). Being boy, carried a weapon out of home or in school, victimization, feel unsafe at school, and violence in the family are the significant related risk factors with students violence (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of students' violence in Iranian students is similar to the most of other developing countries, although, high rate violence and related risk factors emphasize the need for comprehensive and interventional prevention programs to reduce and manage student violence and associated risk behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/abr.abr_137_18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]],"date-time":"2018-10-31T07:42:01Z","timestamp":1540971721000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Youth Violence and Related Risk Factors: A Cross-sectional Study in 2800 Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Parastoo","family":"Golshiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Community Medicine and Family Physician, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziba","family":"Farajzadegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Community Medicine and Family Physician, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Tavakoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Community Medicine and Family Physician, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamal","family":"Heidari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1136\/injuryprev-2015-041640","article-title":"Global status report on violence prevention 2014","volume":"21","author":"Butchart","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inj Prev"},{"key":"R2-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.7.2.104","article-title":"Epidemiology of violent deaths in the world","volume":"7","author":"Reza","year":"2001","journal-title":"Inj Prev"},{"key":"R3-20251008","article-title":"Preventing Youth Violence: An Overview of the Evidence","year":"2015","journal-title":"World Health Organziation"},{"key":"R4-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-494","article-title":"Prevalence of bullying and victimization among children in early elementary school: Do family and school neighbourhood socioeconomic status matter?","volume":"12","author":"Jansen","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"R5-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2004.01.011","article-title":"Youth violence perpetration: What protects? 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