{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:23:08Z","timestamp":1787757788600,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Severe varus deformity of the knee poses a technical challenge in balancing the flexion\u2013extension gaps. The use of a varus\u2013valgus constrained prosthesis is a solution to achieve coronal plane stability. The results of constrained condylar knee (CCK) implants in primary total knee arthroplasty are not well known. This study aims to compare the functional outcomes of posterior-stabilized (PS) and CCK implants for primary arthroplasty of the varus knee.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty patients with bilateral severe osteoarthritis and genu varum of more than 10\u00b0 were enrolled in this study. One knee was randomly implanted with a fixed-bearing PS implant, whereas the other was implanted with a CCK prosthesis. Pre- and postoperative Knee Society Score (KSS) and Oxford Knee Score (OKS) questionnaires were completed, and knee flexion was measured and compared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The patients were followed for 32 months on average (24\u201336 months). On the KSS and OKS, both the groups improved significantly, but the difference between them was not statistically significant. Postoperative knee flexion was also not different between the two groups. Furthermore, 18 patients could not distinguish the difference between the two prostheses, whereas two patients preferred the PS one.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We demonstrated that a PS prosthesis can achieve comparable functional results to the CCK one in the short term.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/abr.abr_165_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T02:54:15Z","timestamp":1651200855000},"page":"34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Fixed-Bearing Posterior-Stabilized Implant versus Constrained Condylar Knee in One-Stage Bilateral Primary Arthroplasty of the Varus Knee"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mohammad Mahdi","family":"Sarzaeem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahram","family":"Sayyadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Pourmojarab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Mahdi","family":"Omidian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Mahdi","family":"Bagherian Lemraski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Baroutkoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sohrab","family":"Salimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza Manafi","family":"Rasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jajs.2019.01.004","article-title":"Mid to long-term outcomes of the primary constrained condylar knee arthroplasty","volume":"6","author":"Carneiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Arthrosc Joint Surg"},{"key":"R2-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2015.01.020","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of primary constrained condylar knee arthroplasty","volume":"101","author":"Cholewinski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"R3-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-017-3452-z","article-title":"Does low-constraint mobile bearing knee prosthesis give satisfactory results for severe coronal deformities? A five to twelve year follow up study","volume":"41","author":"Czekaj","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"R4-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2942","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-019-05684-z","article-title":"No difference in failure rates or clinical outcomes between non-stemmed constrained condylar prostheses and posterior-stabilized prostheses for primary total knee arthroplasty","volume":"28","author":"Dayan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"R5-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-020-03510-7","article-title":"Selective medial release using multiple needle puncturing with a spacer block in situ for correcting severe varus deformity during total knee arthroplasty","volume":"140","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"R6-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.09.005","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of functional medial ligament balancing with stepwise multiple needle puncturing in varus total knee arthroplasty","volume":"35","author":"Siong","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"R7-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.18.00026","article-title":"Gap balancing, measured resection, and kinematic alignment","volume":"7","author":"Mercuri","year":"2019","journal-title":"JBJS Rev"},{"key":"R8-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-4116-3","article-title":"Total knee arthroplasty in the varus knee: Tips and tricks","volume":"43","author":"Rossi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"R9-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-009-0755-7","article-title":"Soft tissue balancing in varus total knee arthroplasty: An algorithmic approach","volume":"17","author":"Verdonk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"R10-34-20240830","first-page":"302","article-title":"Acute primary total knee arthroplasty for proximal tibial fractures in elderly","volume":"5","author":"Sarzaeem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Bone Jt Surg"},{"key":"R11-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-020-04607-9","article-title":"Why are patients dissatisfied following a total knee replacement? A systematic review","volume":"44","author":"Nakano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"R12-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200704000-00012","article-title":"Projections of primary and revision hip and knee arthroplasty in the United States from 2005 to 2030","volume":"89","author":"Kurtz","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R13-34-20240830","first-page":"192","article-title":"Iranian joint registry (Iranian National Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Registry)","volume":"4","author":"Aslani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Bone Jt Surg"},{"key":"R14-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.03.066","article-title":"Current epidemiology of revision total knee arthroplasty in the United States","volume":"32","author":"Delanois","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"R15-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000148578.22729.0e","article-title":"The Chetranjan Ranawat award: Tibial component failure mechanisms in total knee arthroplasty","volume":"428","author":"Berend","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"R16-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.03.058","article-title":"Using a tibial short extension stem reduces tibial component loosening after primary total knee arthroplasty in severely varus knees: Long-term survival analysis with propensity score matching","volume":"33","author":"Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"R17-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-4019-3","article-title":"Total knee arthroplasty in patients with varus deformities greater than ten degrees: survival analysis at a mean ten year follow-up","volume":"43","author":"Puliero","year":"2019","journal-title":"International orthopaedics"},{"key":"R18-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.32598\/JROSJ.6.4.43","article-title":"Preoperative clinical correctability and prediction of the prosthesis type in total knee arthroplasty for severe osteoarthritic varus deformity","volume":"6","author":"Shahpari","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Res Orthop Sci"},{"key":"R19-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1080\/17453674.2019.1627638","article-title":"Primary constrained and hinged total knee arthroplasty: 2- and 5-year revision risk compared with unconstrained total knee arthroplasty: A report on 401 cases from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register 1994-2017","volume":"90","author":"Badawy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"key":"R20-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.09.048","article-title":"Varus-valgus constraint in primary total knee arthroplasty: A short-term solution but will it last?","volume":"35","author":"Avino","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"R21-34-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2005.09.008","article-title":"Ten-year survival and clinical results of constrained components in primary total knee arthroplasty","volume":"21","author":"Lachiewicz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"}],"container-title":["Advanced Biomedical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/abr.abr_165_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:52:41Z","timestamp":1787755961000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/abr.abr_165_21"}},"subtitle":["A Randomized Controlled Trial with Minimum 2-year Follow-Up"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/abr.abr_165_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["2277-9175"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2277-9175","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}}}