{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T23:04:35Z","timestamp":1793055875093,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Despite conducting wide-ranging of pharmacotherapy for bipolar adolescents, many of them are showing a deficit in functioning with high relapse rate. The aim of the current study was to develop a manual and investigate the efficacy of group cognitive\u2013behavioral therapy (G-CBT) for female bipolar adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n During the first qualitative phase of a mixed-methods study, a manual of G-CBT was developed. Then, 32 female bipolar adolescents aged 12\u201319 years old, receiving usual maintenance medications (UMM), were selected. Participants were randomized to the control (UMM) and intervention group (5, 2 h weekly sessions based on G-CBT manual with UMM). The parents in intervention group participated in three parallel sessions. All participants filled the following questionnaires before 1, 3, and 6 months after the initiation of the study: Young Mania Rating Scale, Children Depression Inventory and Global Assessment of Functioning. The results were analyzed using SPSS 21 software. The concurrent qualitative phase was analyzed through thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The results showed no significant differences in all questionnaires\u2019 scores through intervention and follow-up sessions (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n > 0.05). However, using cutoff point of CDI, G-CBT was effective for intervention group (relapse rate: 25% vs. 44.4%). Two themes were extracted from the second qualitative phase: emotion recognition and emotion regulation, especially in anger control.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The results showed that the addition of G-CBT to UMM leads to decrease in the depressive scores but has no effect on manic symptoms and relapse rate.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/abr.abr_168_16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,27]],"date-time":"2018-03-27T00:42:07Z","timestamp":1522111327000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Efficacy of Group Cognitive\u2013behavioral Therapy in Maintenance Treatment and Relapse Prevention for Bipolar Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Soroor","family":"Arman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Child and Psychiatry, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farnaz","family":"Golmohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Child and Psychiatry, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Maracy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitra","family":"Molaeinezhad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"R5-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(01)00432-3","article-title":"The Stanley Foundation Bipolar Treatment Outcome Network. 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Demographics and illness characteristics of the first 261 patients","volume":"67","author":"Suppes","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"R6-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000159151.75345.20","article-title":"Apilot controlled trial of topiramate for mania in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder","volume":"44","author":"Delbello","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"R7-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001068","article-title":"Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying mood stabilization in bipolar disorder: Implications for the development of improved therapeutics","volume":"7","author":"Manji","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"R8-20251008","first-page":"16","article-title":"Effect of tamoxifen and lithium on treatment of acute mania symptoms in children and adolescents","volume":"10","author":"Fallah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iran J Child Neurol"},{"issue":"supp1","key":"R10-20251008","first-page":"1","article-title":"Psychoeducation for patients with bipolar affective disorder. Europian Psychiatry; 22nd Europian Congress of Psychiatry","volume":"28","author":"Prako","year":"2013"},{"key":"R12-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(03)00111-3","article-title":"Psychotherapy of bipolar disorder: A review","volume":"80","author":"Jones","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"R13-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20668","article-title":"Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy for adolescents with bipolar disorder: Treatment development and results from an open trial","volume":"27","author":"Hlastala","year":"2010","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"R14-20251008","first-page":"589","article-title":"Group cognitive behavior therapy for depression-does it help bipolar patients too?. European Psychiatry. 24; 17th EPA congress-Lisbon, Portugal","author":"Moore","year":"2009"},{"key":"R15-20251008","first-page":"128","article-title":"Short-time outcome predictors of bipolar disorder type I in children and adolescents","volume":"18","author":"Molavi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol"},{"key":"R16-20251008","first-page":"79","article-title":"Diagnostic Interviews: Dulcan's Textbook of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Arlington, VA, US. 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Post Graduate Education School Islamic Azad University (Khorasgan Branch)","author":"Karimi","year":"2009"},{"key":"R20-20251008","first-page":"89","article-title":"Rating Scales: Dulcan's Textbook of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Arlington, VA, US. American Psychaitric association publishing","author":"Carlson","year":"2010"},{"key":"R22-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-859X-10-2","article-title":"Guidelines for rating Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)","volume":"10","author":"Aas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"R24-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2014.11.007","article-title":"Treatment moderators of child- and family-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy for pediatric bipolar disorder","volume":"54","author":"Weinstein","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"R25-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000246068.85577.d7","article-title":"Maintenance model of integrated psychological treatment in pediatric bipolar disorder: A pilot feasibility study","volume":"46","author":"West","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"R26-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2006.00358.x","article-title":"Cognitive-behavioral therapy for bipolar disorders in adolescents: A pilot study","volume":"8","author":"Feeny","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"R27-20251008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.13081130","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy and family-focused treatment for adolescents with bipolar I and II disorders: A 2-year randomized trial","volume":"171","author":"Miklowitz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Advanced Biomedical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01679891-201807000-00041","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:40:01Z","timestamp":1786650001000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01679891-201807000-00041"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/abr.abr_168_16","relation":{},"ISSN":["2277-9175"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2277-9175","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-07-01","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-09-01","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}