{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:20:58Z","timestamp":1787764858894,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Controversy remains about the positive role of music during general anesthesia and postoperative recovery. We, therefore, tested the hypothesis that intraoperative exposure to classical music reduces the propofol necessary to maintain the bispectral index (BIS) close to 50 during vitrectomy surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This double-blind clinical study is evaluating 50 patients undergoing vitrectomy surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were randomly assigned to music and white noise groups, and relevant sounds were played to patients after induction of anesthesia. The two groups were compared for the use of propofol as an anesthetic to maintain a BIS near 50 and for postoperative pain, anxiety, nausea, and vomiting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Propofol consumption to maintain the set BIS score was much lower in the music group than in the white noise group (78.72 \u00b1 25.76 microgram\/kg\/min and 117.91 \u00b1 36.78 microgram\/kg\/min, respectively,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P-<\/jats:italic>\n                      value = 0.000). Postoperative pain scores were also much lower in the music group than in the white noise group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      -value = 0.000) and anxiety levels between these two groups did not differ (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      -value = 0.870). No patient in the music group had complaints of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) compared to six patients in the white noise group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      -value = 0.011).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Listening to music during general anesthesia for vitrectomy surgery can reduce the use of anesthetics, postoperative pain, and PONV. Further, controlled studies are necessary to confirm our results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/abr.abr_444_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T02:18:03Z","timestamp":1698373083000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effect of Music During General Anesthesia on Anesthetic Consumption During Vitrectomy Surgery"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ardeshir","family":"Tajbakhsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Anesthesiology Research Center, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sohrab","family":"Salimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Anesthesiology Research Center, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narsis","family":"Daftarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dariush","family":"Abtahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Anesthesiology Research Center, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199912000-00003","article-title":"Preoperative anxiety and intraoperative anesthetic requirements","volume":"89","author":"Maranets","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R2-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(00)00189-6","article-title":"Preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in women undergoing hysterectomy. 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