{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:39:19Z","timestamp":1787071159305,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is related to lipid accumulation and inflammation. Considering the role of lipin-1 and lipin-2 in fat homeostasis and inflammation, this study aimed to explore the effect of galbanic acid (Gal) and resveratrol (RSV) on alterations in the gene expression levels and protein abundance of lipin-1 and lipin-2 in HepG2 liver cells lipid-enriched with palmitate (Pal).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n HepG2 cells were subjected to different amounts of Gal and RSV for 24 hours in the presence of Pal to induce lipid accumulation. The RT-PCR method was employed to assess the expression of lipin-1 and lipin-2 genes, while protein levels were evaluated by western blot analysis. Lipid accumulation was determined qualitatively and semi-quantitatively using the oil-red staining technique.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Gal treatment increased lipin-1 and lipin-2 gene expression (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05). In contrast, the groups treated with RSV did not show a substantial variance in the expression levels of the two genes (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n > 0.05). In the groups treated with Gal\/RSV, the intensity of lipin-2 protein bands was higher compared to the Pal group (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n > 0.01); however, the intensity of lipin-1 protein bands was not significantly different (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n > 0.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Gal, a coumarin compound, significantly increased the expression of lipin-1 and lipin-2 in HepG2 cells treated with Pal. Consequently, this research suggests gal as a novel strategy for regulating fat homeostasis in HepG2 cells.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/abr.abr_456_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T08:05:36Z","timestamp":1732867536000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Investigating the Effect of Galbanic Acid on Lipin-1 and Lipin-2 Genes in Fatty Liver Cells with Palmitate"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hadis","family":"Musavi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 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