{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:24:48Z","timestamp":1787772288587,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neurodegenerative diseases, marked by progressive symptoms, currently lack definitive, side-effect-free treatments. Research continues for effective therapies. Moringa oleifera extract (MOE), rich in phytochemicals like vitamins, carotenoids, and flavonoids, has demonstrated neuroprotective effects through antioxidant activity and inflammation reduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Moringa extract on the proliferation and cell differentiation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study investigated the effects of MOE on the proliferation and cell differentiation of B65 and PC12 cells\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro.<\/jats:italic>\n                      MOE was extracted from plant leaves using the Soxhlet method, and its antioxidant properties were confirmed through the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assay. Cell proliferation was assessed using an MTT assay, while cell differentiation was evaluated through Real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry (ICC).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MOE significantly increased cell proliferation in both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Real-time PCR results indicated that MOE upregulated the expression of the gap-43 gene, which encodes a protein, involved in regulating actin dynamics in axons and promoting axonal regeneration, as well as the nf200 gene, which encodes an intermediate filament protein in neurons. Furthermore, ICC results demonstrated that higher doses of MOE were associated with increased levels of the nf200 protein in both cell lines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings demonstrate that MOE improves cell proliferation and facilitates neuronal differentiation. These effects, attributed to its high antioxidant content, suggest that MOE may serve as a promising therapeutic candidate for neurodegenerative disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/abr.abr_523_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T09:00:13Z","timestamp":1772182813000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Moringa Oleifera Enhances the Cell Proliferation and Neural Differentiation of B65 and PC12 Cells"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Samira Shariati","family":"Najafabadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences and Reproductive Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajar Akbari","family":"Dastjerdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azadeh","family":"Safaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences and Reproductive Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Kazemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Bahramian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences and Reproductive Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Salehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences and Reproductive Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"},{"name":"Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9153","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-27492-0","article-title":"Moringin induces neural differentiation in the stem cell of the human periodontal ligament","volume":"8","author":"Romeo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R2-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035220","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1035220","article-title":"An insight into the neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory effects and mechanisms of Moringa oleifera","volume":"13","author":"Azlan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"R3-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2011.03.006","article-title":"Antiproliferation and induction of apoptosis by Moringa oleifera leaf extract on human cancer cells","volume":"49","author":"Sreelatha","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"R4-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.4314\/tjpr.v16i9.34","article-title":"Moringa oleifera: An apoptosis inducer in cancer cells","volume":"16","author":"Adebayo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trop J Pharm Res"},{"key":"R5-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0135814","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135814","article-title":"Moringa oleifera as an anti-cancer agent against breast and colorectal cancer cell lines","volume":"10","author":"Al-Asmari","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R6-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-13-212","article-title":"Moringa Oleifera aqueous leaf extract down-regulates nuclear factor-kappaB and increases cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer cells","volume":"13","author":"Berkovich","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"key":"R7-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fshw.2016.04.001","article-title":"Moringa oleifera: A review on nutritive importance and its medicinal application","volume":"5","author":"Gopalakrishnan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Sci Human Wellness"},{"key":"R8-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4009","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.1620","article-title":"Moringa oleifera Lam. ameliorates the muscles function recovery following an induced insult to the Sciatic nerve in a mouse model","volume":"8","author":"Razzaq","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"R9-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2019.04.014","article-title":"Moringa oleifera seed extract protects against brain damage in both the acute and delayed stages of ischemic stroke","volume":"122","author":"Zeng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"R10-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14358","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c04581","article-title":"Moringa oleifera: A tree of life as a promising medicinal plant for neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"69","author":"Ghimire","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"R11-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2010.01.003","article-title":"Effects of scoparone on dopamine release in PC12 cells","volume":"81","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"R12-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2017.09.040","article-title":"Neuroprotective effect of liquiritin as an antioxidant via an increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase expression on B65 neuroblastoma cells","volume":"815","author":"Nakatani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R13-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5033","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-021-06497-5","article-title":"Human adipose derived stem cell exosomes enhance the neural differentiation of PC12 cells","volume":"48","author":"Shariati Najafabadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"R14-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2015.12.004","article-title":"Solvent assisted extraction of oil from Moringa oleifera Lam. seeds","volume":"82","author":"Bhutada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ind Crop Prod"},{"key":"R15-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14300","DOI":"10.1111\/jfpp.14300","article-title":"Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf powder on drying kinetics, physico\u2010chemical properties, ferric reducing antioxidant power, \u03b1\u2010tocopherol, \u03b2\u2010carotene, and lipid oxidation of dry pork sausages during processing and storage","volume":"44","author":"Mukumbo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Food Process Preserv"},{"key":"R16-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.12.036","article-title":"Moringa oleifera with promising neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth promoting potentials","volume":"152","author":"Hannan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"R17-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.073","article-title":"Application of electrospun polycaprolactone fibers embedding lignin nanoparticle for peripheral nerve regeneration: In vitro and in vivo study","volume":"159","author":"Amini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"R18-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695936","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/695936","article-title":"Moringa oleifera mitigates memory impairment and neurodegeneration in animal model of age-related dementia","volume":"2013","author":"Sutalangka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"R19-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.5530\/jyp.2021.13.83","article-title":"Review article on effects of moringa on central nervous system","volume":"13","author":"Khan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Young Pharm"},{"key":"R20-20260307","first-page":"183","article-title":"A review on the possible neuroprotective effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract","volume":"31","author":"Igado","year":"2016","journal-title":"Niger J Physiol Sci"},{"key":"R21-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13579","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.13579","article-title":"Moringa oleifera Lam. extract rescues lead\u2010induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the rat cerebral cortex","volume":"45","author":"Alqahtani","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Food Biochem"},{"key":"R22-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0182658","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182658","article-title":"Biochemical characterization and anti-inflammatory properties of an isothiocyanate-enriched moringa (Moringa oleifera) seed extract","volume":"12","author":"Jaja-Chimedza","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R23-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2021.108634","article-title":"Dietary polyphenols suppress chronic inflammation by modulation of multiple inflammation-associated cell signaling pathways","volume":"93","author":"Jantan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"R24-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.5851\/fl.2022.e1","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts","volume":"2022","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Life"},{"key":"R25-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7684","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b02078","article-title":"Protective effect of caffeic acid against Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathogenesis via modulating cerebral insulin signaling, \u03b2-amyloid accumulation, and synaptic plasticity in hyperinsulinemic rats","volume":"67","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"R26-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10040532","article-title":"Moringa oleifera protects SH-SY5YCells from DEHP-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis","volume":"10","author":"Amara","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"R27-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19082341","article-title":"Treatment of periodontal ligament stem cells with MOR and CBD promotes cell survival and neuronal differentiation via the PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR pathway","volume":"19","author":"Lanza Cariccio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"R28-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.08.011","article-title":"A dual program for translation regulation in cellular proliferation and differentiation","volume":"158","author":"Gingold","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"R29-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.31083\/j.jin.2019.02.120","article-title":"\u03b2-carotene provides neuroprotection after experimental traumatic brain injury via the Nrf2-ARE pathway","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Integr Neurosci"},{"key":"R30-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2013.2643","article-title":"Effect of \u03b2-carotene on cancer cell stemness and differentiation in SK-N-BE (2) C neuroblastoma cells","volume":"30","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"R31-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.7848826","article-title":"Developmental expression of neurofilament and glial filament proteins in rat cerebellum","volume":"38","author":"Sawant","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Dev Biol"},{"key":"R32-20260307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2015.07.017","article-title":"Methyl methacrylate embedding to study the morphology and immunohistochemistry of adult guinea pig and mouse cochleae","volume":"254","author":"Bako","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"}],"container-title":["Advanced Biomedical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/abr.abr_523_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:36:34Z","timestamp":1787769394000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/abr.abr_523_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/abr.abr_523_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["2277-9175"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2277-9175","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-20","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-08","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}