{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:23:40Z","timestamp":1787840620895,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n \n Lophomonas blattarum<\/jats:italic>\n is a protozoan, which is controversial regarding pathogenicity in the respiratory disease, and identification methods. This study investigated the presence of this protozoan in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) to assess these controversies.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n Samples of 83 patients hospitalized in the ICU ward of Afzalipoor, Shafa, and Shahid Bahonar hospitals (Kerman, Iran) were collected. The samples were examined using microscopy and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to check the presence of\n Lophomonas blattarum<\/jats:italic>\n . Then, the efficiency of the method used was investigated using bioinformatics studies and the presence of\n Trichomonas tenax<\/jats:italic>\n in the samples was investigated.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Of 83, 38 (46%) were female, 45 (54%) were male, and their age was 46.6 \u00b1 14.45 years. Microscopic examination did not show any in the samples. The real-time PCR method showed 16 positive samples with primers that had been reported in other studies for\n Lophomonas blattarum<\/jats:italic>\n . The bioinformatics study showed the method introduced in the other studies lacks the efficiency and specificity, and there is no information in the databases to design a molecular method based on the PCR for identification of\n Lophomonas blattarum<\/jats:italic>\n . The results of examining the presence of\n Trichomonas tenax<\/jats:italic>\n using the real-time PCR method showed that 16 samples with a positive result for\n Lofomonas blattarum<\/jats:italic>\n contained\n Trichomonas tenax<\/jats:italic>\n , which indicated that a misidentification had probably occurred.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n \n The current methods that are used to identify\n Lophomonas blattarum<\/jats:italic>\n do not have the sensitivity and specificity required to identify this protozoan.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/abr.abr_618_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T11:00:33Z","timestamp":1756378833000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Misidentification of Lophomonas Blattarum: Methodological Flaws and Taxonomic Confusion in Molecular Diagnostics"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Nasrin","family":"Saberi Shahr-Babaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitra","family":"Samareh Fekri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majid","family":"Fasihi-Harandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Behnam","family":"Dalfardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Shafiepour Marji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250829","first-page":"7","article-title":"Lophomonas blattarum: A new flagellate causing respiratory tract infections","volume":"10","author":"Chaudhury","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trop Parasitol"},{"key":"R3-20250829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbr.2021.06.005","article-title":"Lung infection induced by Lophomonas blattarum","volume":"57","author":"V\u00e9lez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Bronconeumol"},{"key":"R4-20250829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-020-03311-1","article-title":"Pulmonary 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lophomoniasis: The end of a controversial story","volume":"64","author":"Fakhar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol"},{"key":"R12-20250829","first-page":"373","article-title":"World medical association declaration of Helsinki. Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects","volume":"79","author":"Association","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"R13-20250829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.059311-0","article-title":"Lophomonas blattarum and bronchopulmonary disease","volume":"62","author":"Martinez-Gir\u00f3n","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"R14-20250829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2014.52.5.521","article-title":"Bronchopulmonary infection of lophomonas blattarum: A case and literature review","volume":"52","author":"Xue","year":"2014","journal-title":"Korean J Parasitol"},{"key":"R15-20250829","first-page":"245","article-title":"Different staining methods in diagnosing lophomonas blattarum in bronchoalveolar lavage samples","volume":"9","author":"Berenji","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Patient Saf"},{"key":"R16-20250829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0906","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.906","article-title":"First report of Lophomonas infection in a patient with AML\u20102 from Qeshm Island, Persian Gulf, southern Iran","volume":"10","author":"Sharifpour","year":"2022","journal-title":"Respirol Case Rep"}],"container-title":["Advanced Biomedical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/abr.abr_618_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:26:01Z","timestamp":1787837161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/abr.abr_618_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/abr.abr_618_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["2277-9175"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2277-9175","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-05","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-28","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}