{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T20:36:59Z","timestamp":1786739819538,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major complication of open heart surgery in children with congenital heart diseases. This increases the risk of morbidity and mortality due to late diagnosis because there are no clear-cut markers for early assessment of sudden decline in renal function. The plasma concentrations of cystatin-C were measured at time intervals and compared with plasma creatinine levels in children with cardiac surgery-associated AKI (CSA-AKI). The aim was to evaluate the usefulness of cystatin-C as a biochemical marker of AKI in children undergoing cardiac surgery for congenital heart diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a prospective, longitudinal study, of 40 children who had open heart surgery, on account of congenital heart diseases, at our study center, between April 2020 and June 2022. Plasma samples were assayed for cystatin-C using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, while quantification of creatinine was done using a Roche automated analyzer (Cobas C311).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mean plasma concentrations of cystatin-C at 0, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours were 0.49\u00b10.11 ng\/dL, 0.75 \u00b1 0.19 ng\/dL, 0.96 \u00b1 0.23 ng\/dL, 0.79 \u00b1 0.20 ng\/dL, 0.66 \u00b1 0.15 ng\/dL, and 0.60 \u00b1 0.14 ng\/dL, respectively, versus 48.98 \u00b1 11.6 \u03bcmol\/L, 59.65 \u00b1 13.06 \u03bcmol\/L, 63.00 \u00b1 16.53 \u03bcmol\/L, 64.90 \u00b1 17.65 \u03bcmol\/L, 68.50 \u00b1 19.99 \u03bcmol\/L, and 70.78 \u00b1 21.86 \u03bcmol\/L, respectively, of creatinine. Plasma cystatin-C peaked earlier at 8 hours compared to creatinine, which peaked at 48 hours. The ROC curve showed that cystatin-C had an AUC of 0.983.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study showed that cystatin-C has a better sensitivity and specificity than creatinine in predicting CSA-AKI in children who had open heart surgery for congenital heart diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aca.aca_104_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T11:00:09Z","timestamp":1744801209000},"page":"128-135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (CSA-AKI) in Children with Congenital Heart Diseases in Southwest Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ronke A.","family":"Makinde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ileife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abiodun K.","family":"Alaje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ileife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abiodun O.","family":"Ajose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ileife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tewogbade A.","family":"Adedeji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ileife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uvie U.","family":"Onakpoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Cardiothoracic Unit, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.56.7638","article-title":"Reassessment of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery:A retrospective study","volume":"56","author":"Xie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"issue":"(Sup 1)","key":"R2-20250416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3109\/1354750X.2011.587129","article-title":"Biomarkers of kidney injury","volume":"16","author":"Urbschat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"key":"R3-20250416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-017-0504-y","article-title":"Early serum creatinine accurately predicts acute kidney injury post cardiac surgery","volume":"18","author":"Grynberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"R4-20250416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002231","article-title":"Modified RIFLE criteria in critically ill children with acute kidney injury","volume":"71","author":"Akcan-Arikan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"R5-20250416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R31","DOI":"10.1186\/cc5713","article-title":"Acute Kidney injury network:Report of an initiative to improve outcomes in acute kidney injury","volume":"11","author":"Mehta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"R6-20250416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2018.03.007","article-title":"Acute kidney injury after pediatric cardiac surgery","volume":"60","author":"Yuan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Neonatol"},{"key":"R7-20250416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"p55","DOI":"10.1159\/000142937","article-title":"Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury:Putting together the pieces of the puzzle","volume":"109","author":"Shaw","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nephron Physiol"},{"key":"R8-20250416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aco.0000192819.76353.b3","article-title":"Perioperative acute renal failure","volume":"19","author":"Shorten","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"R9-20250416","first-page":"129","article-title":"Acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery:Prevention, diagnosis, and management","author":"Moss","year":"2012","journal-title":"Renal Failure-The Facts. 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