{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T16:20:37Z","timestamp":1787847637432,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a well-known tool for providing life-saving support in patients developing post cardiotomy cardiogenic shock in post cardiac surgeries. The current study was designed to evaluate blood transfusion requirements and its relation to mortality in neonate and pediatric cardiac patients requiring venoarterial cardiac ECMO during post-operative period following cardiac surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall 24 pediatric patients (including neonates) who underwent VA ECMO in post cardiac surgery at our institute from January 2016 to October 2017 were included in the study. The details of demographics, blood transfusion, ECMO, and morbidity and mortality were collected for all the patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective of the Study:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary objective of our study was to assess the outcome of patients on ECMO in post pediatric cardiac surgery. The secondary objective of the study was to assess the effect of blood transfusion on the outcome of the patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall mortality rate was 50% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 12). The overall transfusion rate of packed red blood cells was higher in patients who did not survive even after institution of VA ECMO. The transfusion of other blood products like platelets, cryoprecipitate, and fresh frozen plasma were also higher in this group of patients though it was statistically non-significant except for packed red cell transfusion. Though statistically non-significant, the patients who didn't survive even after institution of VA ECMO post-surgery had relatively higher mean age (703.88 \u00b1 998.94 days) as compared to their counterparts (510.63 \u00b1 384.36 days).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of ECMO is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Packed red cell transfusion is definitely higher in expired patients, indicative of deteriorated status of the patient. However, considering non-significant association of other blood components, except packed red cell it is recommended that patients' overall clinical condition should be taken into consideration for transfusion of blood products and not only targeting the transfusion triggers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aca.aca_112_19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T11:23:44Z","timestamp":1618831424000},"page":"203-208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Venoarterial Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Blood Component Usage in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jigar","family":"Surti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imelda","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trushar","family":"Gajjar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atul","family":"Solanki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jigar","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jatin","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sapna","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-13-20240901","first-page":"E166","article-title":"Extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) review of a lifesaving technology","volume":"7","author":"Makdisi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"R2-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000000345","article-title":"Hemorrhagic complications in pediatric cardiac patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: An analysis of the extracorporeal life support organization registry","volume":"16","author":"Werho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R3-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1038\/s41424-018-0004-9","article-title":"The association between red blood cell transfusion and outcomes in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Transl Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R5-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2012.03688.x","article-title":"How we provide transfusion support for neonatal and pediatric patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"53","author":"Yuan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"R6-13-20240901","first-page":"B5209","article-title":"Benefits and harms of red blood cell transfusions in patients with septic shock in the intensive care unit","volume":"63","author":"Holst","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dan Med J"},{"key":"R7-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31822a22d9","article-title":"Reducing noninfectious risks of blood transfusion","volume":"115","author":"Gilliss","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R8-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199902113400601","article-title":"A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial of transfusion requirements in critical care. 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