{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:09:21Z","timestamp":1790352561308,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although surgical techniques and perioperative care have made significant advances, perioperative mortality in cardiac surgery remains relatively high. Single- or multiple-organ failure remains the leading cause of postoperative mortality. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a common trigger for organ injury or dysfunction in surgical patients. Cardiac surgery involves major surgical dissection, the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and frequent blood transfusions. Ischemia-reperfusion injury and contact activation from CPB are among the major triggers for SIRS. Blood transfusion can also induce proinflammatory responses. Here, we review the immunological mechanisms of organ injury and the role of anesthetic regimens in cardiac surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/aca.aca_147_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T03:00:15Z","timestamp":1687230015000},"page":"133-142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Narrative Review of Systemic Inflammatory Response Mechanisms in Cardiac Surgery and Immunomodulatory Role of Anesthetic Agents"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Wiriya","family":"Maisat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Yuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181d5f95c","article-title":"Postoperative mortality in The Netherlands:a population-based analysis of surgery-specific risk in 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