{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:24:01Z","timestamp":1790141041115,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Postoperative pulmonary complications in cardiac surgery increase mortality and morbidity. High flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) is one of the preventive measures to reduce the incidence of lung complications. HFNC can decrease dyspnea and improve physiologic parameters after extubation, including respiratory rate and heart rate, compared with conventional oxygen therapy. In this study, we evaluated the role of THRIVE (Transnasal Humidified Rapid Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange) after extubation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We prospectively randomized 60 adults aged between 18 and 65 years undergoing elective cardiac surgery to either High flow oxygen therapy using THRIVE (Group A) or conventional nasal cannula (group B). Arterial paO2, paCO2, pH at three points of time i.e., 1, 2, 4 hrs after extubation were evaluated using arterial blood gas analysis. Ventilation duration, the incidence of reintubation, sedation score, mortality, and other complications were also assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty adults in each group had comparable patient characteristics. There was a statistically significant decline in paCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      in group A at 1, 2, 4 hrs post extubation (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.022, 0.02, &lt;0.001) with a significant increase in oxygenation (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) when compared to group B.ICU stay duration was similar between two groups. No complications were noted in both groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>THRIVE is safe to use following extubation in adult cardiac surgical patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aca.aca_16_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T06:11:56Z","timestamp":1680243116000},"page":"353-357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A prospective study on use of thrive (transnasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange) versus conventional nasal oxygenation following extubation of adult cardiac surgical patients"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Vijitha","family":"Burra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gnapika","family":"Putta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.R.","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Manjunatha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/00003643-201406001-00219","article-title":"Postoperative pulmonary complications in cardiac surgery patients: A prospective cohort, single-centre study","volume":"31","author":"Cueva","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesth"},{"key":"R3-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000045","article-title":"Predicting postoperative pulmonary complications: Implications for outcomes and costs","volume":"27","author":"Sabat\u00e9","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anesthesiol"},{"key":"R4-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2004.13.5.384","article-title":"Postoperative pulmonary dysfunction in adults after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: Clinical significance and implications for practice","volume":"13","author":"Wynne","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Crit Care"},{"key":"R5-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2009.04.007","article-title":"Research in high flow therapy: Mechanisms of action","volume":"103","author":"Dysart","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"R6-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2007.05026.x","article-title":"Performance of six types of oxygen delivery devices at varying respiratory rates","volume":"62","author":"Wagstaff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R7-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s40560-015-0084-5","article-title":"High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in adults","volume":"3","author":"Nishimura","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Intensive Care"},{"key":"R8-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2743-5","article-title":"Use of high flow nasal cannula in critically ill infants, children, and adults: A critical review of the literature","volume":"39","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"R9-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.01681","article-title":"Heated and humidified high-flow oxygen therapy reduces discomfort during hypoxemic respiratory failure","volume":"57","author":"Cuquemelle","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"R10-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.02480","article-title":"Effect of high-flow nasal cannula on thoraco-abdominal synchrony in adult critically ill patients","volume":"59","author":"Itagaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"R11-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14541","article-title":"A physiological study to determine the mechanism of carbon dioxide clearance during apnoea when using transnasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE)","volume":"74","author":"Hermez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R12-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.2711","article-title":"Effect of postextubation high-flow nasal cannula vs conventional oxygen therapy on reintubation in low-risk patients: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"315","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R13-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e027523","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-027523","article-title":"Effect of high-flow nasal cannulaoxygen therapy compared with conventional oxygen therapy in postoperative patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"R14-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2016.10.027","article-title":"High flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy versus conventional oxygen therapy in cardiac surgical patients: A meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"R15-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14345","article-title":"The effect of high-flow nasal oxygen on hospital length of stay in cardiac surgical patients at high risk for respiratory complications: A randomised controlled trial","volume":"73","author":"Zochios","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R16-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aex036","article-title":"Apnoeic oxygenation in adults under general anaesthesia using Transnasal Humidified Rapid-Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE)-A physiological study","volume":"118","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R17-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14215","article-title":"Transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE) vs. facemask breathing pre-oxygenation for rapid sequence induction in adults: A prospective randomised non-blinded clinical trial","volume":"73","author":"Lodenius","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R18-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201402-0364OC","article-title":"Nasal high-flow versus Venturi mask oxygen therapy after extubation. Effects on oxygenation, comfort, and clinical outcome","volume":"190","author":"Maggiore","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R19-13-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-1602","article-title":"Prophylactic nasal continuous positive airway pressure following cardiac surgery protects from postoperative pulmonary complications: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial in 500 patients","volume":"135","author":"Zarbock","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chest"}],"container-title":["Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aca.ACA_16_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:12:57Z","timestamp":1787166777000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aca.ACA_16_20"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aca.aca_16_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["0971-9784"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0971-9784","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}}}