{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:33:10Z","timestamp":1787761990387,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background:<\/jats:title>\n \n Clearance of tissue carbon dioxide by circulation is measured by venous to arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure difference (AVCO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ) and is correlated with cardiac output (CO) in critically ill adult patients. This study aimed to correlate AVCO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n with other CO indices like arteriovenous oxygen saturation difference (AVO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ), central venous oxygen saturation (ScVO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ), and serum lactate in pediatric patients undergoing intracardiac repair (ICR) for tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n We conducted a prospective observational study in 50 patients, of age 5 months to 5 years, undergoing ICR for TOF and analyzed AVO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n , AVCO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n , ScVO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n , and lactate from arterial and venous blood gas pairs obtained at different time intervals from admission to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) (T\n 0<\/jats:sub>\n ), at 6 h (T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n ), 12 h (T\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ), 24 h (T\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n ), and 48 h (T\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n ) postoperatively. Bivariate correlations were analyzed using Pearson for parametric variables.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Admission AVCO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n was not correlated with AVO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n (R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 0.166,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.246), ScVO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n (R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = -2.2,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.124), and lactate (R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = -0.07,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.624). At T\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n , AVCO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n was correlated with AVO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n (R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 0.283,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.0464) but not with ScVO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n (R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = - 0.25,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.079) and lactate (R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = -0.07,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.623). At T\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n , T\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n and T\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n , AVCO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n was correlated with AVO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n (R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 0.338,0.440 & 0.318,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.0162, 0.0013, and 0.024), ScVO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n (R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = - 0.344, - 0.488, and -0.366;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.0143, <0.0001, and 0.017), and lactate (R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 0.305, 0.467 and 0.607;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.0314, 0.00062 and <0.0001). AVCO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n was negatively correlated with ScVO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n . No correlation observed between admission AVCO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n and mechanical ventilation duration. Two nonsurvivors had higher value of admission AVCO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n compared to survivors.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n \n AVCO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n is correlated with other CO surrogates like AVO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n , ScVO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n , and lactate in pediatric patients undergoing ICR for TOF.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aca.aca_53_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T03:01:17Z","timestamp":1687230077000},"page":"171-176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Correlation of Venous to Arterial Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure Difference with other Cardiac Output Indices in Patients Undergoing Intracardiac Repair for Tetralogy of Fallot"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Guriqbal","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Anesthesia, U. N. Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Center, Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jigisha","family":"Pujara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Anesthesia, U. N. Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Center, Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Visharad","family":"Trivedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Anesthesia, U. N. Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Center, Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhawalikar Deepti","family":"Uday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Anesthesia, U. N. Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Center, Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyoti","family":"Masaniya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Anesthesia, U. N. Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Center, Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mittapalli Jeevan","family":"Babu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Anesthesia, U. N. Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Center, Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanchal Daulal","family":"Bhandari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Anesthesia, U. N. Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Center, Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000001085","article-title":"Central venous to arterial CO2 difference after cardiac surgery in infants and neonates","volume":"18","author":"Rhodes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R2-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3604","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2021.04.039","article-title":"The ability of carbon dioxide-derived indices to predict adverse outcome after cardiac surgery","volume":"35","author":"Kolsi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"R3-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2013.02.031","article-title":"Isolated high lactate or low 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surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in children","volume":"18","author":"Akamatsu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R25-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.4103\/aca.ACA_48_19","article-title":"Role of central venous-Arterial pCO2 difference in determining microcirculatory hypoperfusion in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery","volume":"23","author":"Kanzariya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Card Anaesth"},{"key":"R26-20240901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-020-01881-4","article-title":"Central venous-to-arterial CO2 difference is a poor tool to predict adverse outcomes after cardiac surgery:A retrospective study","volume":"68","author":"Huette","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can J Anesth"}],"container-title":["Annals of Cardiac 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