{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T16:42:54Z","timestamp":1786725774238,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"\n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n In patients with post-stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia (PSOD), classical dysphagia therapy (CDT) continues to provide unsatisfactory outcomes and makes it challenging for them to remove the nasal feeding tube. Increasing bolus viscosity helps prevent aspiration in PSOD. However, conventional starch thickeners enhance post-digestion residue. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of swallow training with xanthan gum-based thickener (XGT) (Softia G, NUTRI Co., Ltd., Yokkaichi, Japan) additional to CDT in Chinese PSOD patients with a nasogastric tube when compared to CDT alone.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Patients with PSOD who had a nasogastric tube were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (E-group) or the control group (C-group) in this randomized controlled, single-blind, parallel-group study. Both groups received CDT for 4 weeks. The E-group cases received additional swallow training with a Softia G-prepared hydrogel training material. The Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and modified volume-viscosity swallow test (M-VVST) for swallowing safety and efficacy according to adjusted Chinese dietary habits were administered before and after treatment. Post-training, both groups\u2019 nasogastric tube removal rates were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n One hundred sixty-seven participants (E-group: 82 and C-group: 85) completed the study. The E-group\u2019s median score of FOIS improved significantly than the C-group after training (median = 5 vs. 3,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). The incidence of coughing, voice changes, oxygen desaturation of 3% or more, pharyngeal residue and piecemeal deglutition in the E-group was significantly lower than that in the C-group (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05). The E-group had 100% nasogastric tube removal, while the C-group had 28.24% (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Swallow training with XGT Softia G in addition to CDT can promote swallowing safety and efficacy in Chinese patients with PSOD more effectively than CDT alone.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.aian_139_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T05:00:08Z","timestamp":1695790808000},"page":"742-748","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Therapeutic Effect of Swallow Training with a Xanthan Gum-Based Thickener in Addition to Classical Dysphagia Therapy in Chinese Patients with Post-Stroke Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Randomized Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Min","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Can-Ping","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Fang","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shao-Chun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260512","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13338","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13338","article-title":"Prevalence, risk factors and complications of oropharyngeal dysphagia in stroke patients: A cohort study","author":"Rofes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"R2-20260512","first-page":"4","article-title":"Natural history of swallow function during the three-month period after stroke","author":"Arreola","year":"2019","journal-title":"Geriatrics (Basel)"},{"key":"R3-20260512","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000764","article-title":"Current practices in feeding tube placement for US acute ischemic stroke inpatients","volume":"83","author":"George","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R4-20260512","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000074037.49197.8C","article-title":"Poor nutritional status on admission predicts poor outcomes after stroke: observational data from the FOOD trial","volume":"34","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"R5-20260512","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2756","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000190056.76543.eb","article-title":"Dysphagia after stroke: Incidence, diagnosis, and pulmonary complications","volume":"36","author":"Martino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"R6-20260512","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105971","article-title":"Outcomes of dysphagia following stroke: Factors influencing oral intake at 6 months after onset","volume":"30","author":"Hota","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"R7-20260512","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.78.918.198","article-title":"Enteral feeding. 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