{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:33:18Z","timestamp":1787841198026,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP) refers to specific behaviors or minor deficits in social\/communication skills not meeting the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The BAP Questionnaire (BAPQ) measures aloof personality (AP), rigid personality (RP), and pragmatic language (PL) deficits of BAP. The study objective is to translate and validate BAPQ into Malayalam, a South Indian language, and to establish new cut-off scores for detecting BAP in the Indian population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BAPQ was translated into Malayalam (BAPQ-M), following which it was tested for reliability and internal consistency and factor analysis was conducted in 40 parents of ASD and neurotypical children. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis generated new cut-off scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The content validity index was \u2265 0.8 for each item. For the self and informant versions, Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1 was 0.753 and 0.807, respectively, while Spearman\u2019s correlation coefficient was 0.953 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) and 0.918 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). The items demonstrated good communality (0.532\u20130.870), and on factor rotation, 12 components had eigenvalues &gt; 1, which explained 72.3% of the total variance. The new cut-off scores for total estimate, AP, RP, and PL subscales were 2.60 (sensitivity 0.825; specificity 0.575; odds ratio [OR] 6.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.28\u201317.84;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), 2.60 (sensitivity 0.60; specificity 0.75; OR 4.50, 95% CI 1.73\u201311.70;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.002), 2.90 (sensitivity 0.8; specificity 0.475; OR 3.62, 95% CI 1.342\u20139.77;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.011), and 2.70 (sensitivity 0.5; specificity 0.825; OR 4.71, 95% CI 1.69\u201313.13;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.003), respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BAPQ-M has good psychometric properties for determining the presence of BAP among the people of Kerala, a South Indian state.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.aian_147_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T02:00:06Z","timestamp":1733709606000},"page":"668-676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire \u2013 Translation and Validation in a South Indian Language"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Betsy","family":"Baby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandhya","family":"Pushpagiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P Ravi Prasad","family":"Varma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LS","family":"Saritha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SJ","family":"Dhiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neurology and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shoba S","family":"Meera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Rekha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manju","family":"Mohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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