{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:33:50Z","timestamp":1787762030590,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is no bedside clinical examination-based prediction score for Duchenne muscular dystrophy\/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD\/BMD) in children with neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) presenting with proximal limb-girdle weakness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We compared the details of 200 cases of lower motor neuron type of weakness and had some proximal limb-girdle muscle weakness and divided them into 2 groups: with\/without a confirmed diagnosis of DMD\/BMD. We determined the predictive factors associated with a diagnosis of DMD\/BMD using multivariate binary logistic regression. We assessed our proposed prognostic model using both discrimination and calibration and subsequently used the bootstrap method to successfully validate the model internally.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 121 patients had DMD\/BMD and the rest of the patients had other diagnoses. Male gender, presence of Gower\u2019s sign, valley sign, toe walking, calf pseudohypertrophy, and tongue hypertrophy were independent predictors for a confirmed diagnosis of DMD\/BMD and included in the final CVT\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      MG score (Calf pseudohypertrophy, Valley sign, Toe walking, Tongue hypertrophy, Male gender, and Gower\u2019s sign). The final model showed good discrimination (AUC = 87.4% [95% CI: 80.5\u201392.3%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001]) and calibration (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.57). A score of 6 or above appeared to be the best cutoff for discriminating between the DMD\/BMD group and the rest of the group with both sensitivity and specificity of 98%. The interrater reliability was almost perfect between two pediatric neurologists and strong between a pediatric neurologist and a pediatric neurology trainee resident (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.91 and 0.87).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The CVT\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      MG score has good sensitivity and specificity in predicting a confirmed diagnosis of DMD\/BMD in subsequent tests.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.aian_20_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T11:02:24Z","timestamp":1686826944000},"page":"453-460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Development and Validation of an Outpatient Clinical Predictive Score for the Diagnosis of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy\/Becker Muscular Dystrophy in Children Aged 2\u201318 Years"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Indar Kumar","family":"Sharawat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology Division, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparna","family":"Ramachandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, IQRAA International Hospital and Research Centre, Kozhikode, Kerala, 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