{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:42:33Z","timestamp":1786650153081,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the commonest median nerve entrapment neuropathy, with preponderance in females.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aims and Objective:<\/jats:title>\n The aim of the present study was to find out wrist ratio (WR) and wrist\/palm ratio (WPR) in clinically diagnosed patients of CTS.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methodology:<\/jats:title>\n One hundred individuals (fifty patients of CTS and fifty as control group) aged between 30 and 50 years were recruited for the study. Early confirmation of clinically suspected patients of CTS was done by performing electrodiagnostic tests of median and ulnar nerves. Motor and sensory conduction velocities, distal motor and sensory latencies, and F-wave latencies were performed in the recruited volunteers.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The values for mean wrist ratio in control groups were 0.694, 0.703 respectively, and in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome, it was 0.704 and 0.719 respectively in moderate and severe type. The mean wrist to palm ratio (WPR) in control group was 0.371, while in patients with CTS, it was 0.374, 0.382, 0.387, and 0.401 based on progression of severity. Both were statistically significant for the last two groups (wrist to index finger [WIF] >4.4 m\/s, moderate, and WIF nonrecordable, severe). Statistically significant (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) decrease of motor conduction velocities for median nerve was seen in the CTS group as compared to control group. Statistically significant (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) increase in distal motor and sensory latencies was observed for both median and ulnar nerves in CTS group with more increase in distal motor latency than sensory latency. Increase in F-wave latencies of both nerves was seen in CTS group.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n The study results confirm selective slowing of sensory and motor conduction within wrist-to-palm segment in patients of CTS. Both WR and WPR have a progressive correlation with the severity of CTS, but statistically significant changes were seen in the groups with moderate and severe CTS. Thus, WR\/WPR can act as one of the essential parameters in the diagnosis of CTS with moderate-to-severe CTS.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.aian_343_18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T06:02:49Z","timestamp":1692597769000},"page":"159-163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Study of Wrist Ratio and Wrist-to-Palm Index Radio in Individuals Suffering from Carpal Tunnel Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Suchitra Sachin","family":"Palve","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachin Bhaskar","family":"Palve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-6-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-199711000-00004","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of carpal tunnel syndrome signs","volume":"76","author":"Kuhlman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R2-6-20260109","first-page":"556","article-title":"Wrist dimensions: Correlation with median sensory latencies","volume":"64","author":"Johnson","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R3-6-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880130313","article-title":"Carpal tunnel area as a risk factor for carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Winn","year":"1990","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"R4-6-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.35.11.1599","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome: Role of carpal canal size","volume":"35","author":"Bleecker","year":"1985","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R6-6-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196648020-00001","article-title":"The carpal-tunnel syndrome seventeen years\u2019 experience in diagnosis and treatment of six hundred fifty-four hands","volume":"48","author":"Phalen","year":"1966","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R7-6-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5455\/njppp.2014.4.130620132","article-title":"Utility of nerve conduction study in early diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)","volume":"4","author":"Parkhad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol"},{"key":"R8-6-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/102.3.619","article-title":"The carpal tunnel syndrome: Localization of conduction abnormalities within the distal segment of the median nerve","volume":"102","author":"Kimura","year":"1979","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R9-6-20260109","first-page":"69","article-title":"Diagnostic specificity of motor and sensory nerve conduction variables in the carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"54","author":"Melvin","year":"1973","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"R10-6-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1967.00470240073010","article-title":"Electrodiagnostic aspects of the carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Thomas","year":"1967","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"R11-6-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.37.3.340","article-title":"Electrophysiological findings in entrapment of the median nerve at wrist and elbow","volume":"37","author":"Buchthal","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"R12-6-20260109","first-page":"272","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome \u2013 Electrodiagnostic aspects of fifty seven symptomatic hands","volume":"47","author":"Murthy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"R15-6-20260109","first-page":"432","article-title":"Square wrists and carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"86","author":"Edwards","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ohio Med"},{"key":"R16-6-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880151007","article-title":"Effects of age, sex, and anthropometric factors on nerve conduction measures","volume":"15","author":"Stetson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"R17-6-20260109","first-page":"379","article-title":"Obesity as a risk factor for slowing of sensory conduction of the median nerve in industry. 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