{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:20:37Z","timestamp":1787764837071,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Migraine is the second leading cause of disability worldwide with high rates of dissatisfaction for allopathic treatment among patients. Pranayama is an easy, convenient, and cost-effective method that can supplement existing standard medical treatment of migraine.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To study the effect of pranayama as an adjuvant to standard medical treatment of migraine on clinical outcome variables of migraine.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n This was a randomized controlled trial conducted on 80 consecutive migraine patients who were diagnosed as per International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 (ICHD-3) criteria and were randomly allocated into two groups, that is, standard medical treatment (SMT) group and standard medical treatment plus pranayama (SMT + P) group. The effect of pranayama on clinical outcome variables of migraine was evaluated by using standardized questionnaires. The data was statistically analyzed using SPSS Statistics 20 software. A\n P<\/jats:italic>\n value of \u22640.05 was considered statistically significant.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Intragroup analysis showed all clinical outcome variables of migraine reduced significantly in the SMT + P group whereas all clinical outcome variables of migraine except the duration of headache episodes reduced significantly in the SMT group. Although statistically non-significant, intergroup analysis demonstrates that reduction in headache severity, duration of headache episodes, and headache impact test-6 (HIT-6) score was more in the SMT + P group whereas reduction in headache frequency and migraine disability assessment (MIDAS) score was more in the SMT group.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Pranayama supplements the standard medical treatment of migraine by reducing the duration of headache episodes in addition to the reduction in headache severity, headache frequency, HIT-6 scores, and MIDAS scores.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.aian_416_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T09:06:46Z","timestamp":1698224806000},"page":"690-696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of Pranayama as Adjuvant to Medical Treatment on Severity, Frequency, and Duration of Headache in Migraine Patients: An Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Anjana","family":"Kaushal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Padam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoo","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudhir","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 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