{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T20:13:46Z","timestamp":1786738426455,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Discovery of serum myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody testing in demyelination segregated MOG-IgG disease from AQ-4-IgG positive NMOSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study clinico-radiological manifestations, pattern of laboratory and electrophysiological investigations and response to treatment through follow up in MOG-IgG positive patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective data of MOG-IgG positive patients was collected. Demographics, clinical manifestations at onset and at follow up and relapses, anti AQ-4-IgG status, imaging and all investigations were performed, treatment of relapses and further immunomodulatory therapy were captured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In our 30 patients, F: M ratio was 2.75:1 and adult: child ratio 4:1. Relapses at presentation were optic neuritis {ON}(60%), longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis {LETM}(20%), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis {ADEM}(13.4%), simultaneous ON with myelitis (3.3%) and diencephalic Syndrome (3.3%). Salient MRI features were ADEM-like lesions, middle cerebellar peduncle fluffy infiltrates, thalamic and pontine lesions and longitudinally extensive ON {LEON} as well as non-LEON. Totally, 50% patients had a relapsing course. Plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin worked in patients who showed a poor response to intravenous methylprednisolone. Prednisolone, Azathioprine, Mycophenolate and Rituximab were effective attack preventing agents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MOG-IgG related manifestations in our cohort were monophasic\/recurrent\/simultaneous ON, myelitis, recurrent ADEM, brainstem encephalitis and diencephalic Syndrome. MRI features suggestive of MOG-IgG disease were confluent ADEM-like lesions, middle cerebellar peduncle fluffy lesions, LETM, LEON and non-LEON. Where indicated, patients need to go on immunomodulation as it has a relapsing course and can accumulate significant disability. Because of its unique manifestations, it needs to be considered as a distinct entity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest series of MOG-IgG disease reported from India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.aian_627_19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,3]],"date-time":"2020-03-03T05:09:17Z","timestamp":1583212157000},"page":"69-77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG Associated Demyelinating Disease"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Shripad S.","family":"Pujari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul V.","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dattatraya B.","family":"Nadgir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawan K.","family":"Ojha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shashank","family":"Nagendra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikram","family":"Aglave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashmi D.","family":"Nadgir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hemant","family":"Sant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nilesh","family":"Palasdeokar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satish","family":"Nirhale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Bandishti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000101","article-title":"Distinction between MOG antibody-positive and AQP4 antibody-positive NMO spectrum disorders","volume":"82","author":"Sato","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R2-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282X20140032","article-title":"Seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum-the challenges on disease definition and Pathogenesis","volume":"72","author":"Sato","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"R3-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31826aac4e","article-title":"Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in adults with a neuromyelitis optica phenotype","volume":"79","author":"Kitley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R4-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2088","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-017-8596-7","article-title":"What proportion of AQP4-IgG-negative NMO spectrum disorder patients are MOG-IgG positive.A cross sectional study of 132 patients?","volume":"264","author":"Hamid","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"R5-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1144-2","article-title":"MOG encephalomyelitis: International recommendations on diagnosis and antibody testing","volume":"15","author":"Jarius","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"R6-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005560","article-title":"Clinical spectrum and prognostic value of CNS MOG autoimmunity in adults: MOGADOR study","volume":"90","author":"Cobo-Calvo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R7-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458514555785","article-title":"Antibodies to MOG and AQP4 in adults with neuromyelitis optica and suspected limited forms of the disease","volume":"21","author":"H\u00f6ftberger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"R8-15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0718-0","article-title":"MOG-IgG in NMO and related disorders: A multicenter study of 50 patients. 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