{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:12:25Z","timestamp":1792512745624,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) is the noninvasive technique of choice for early detection of cardiac involvement in Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD and BMD, respectively), but is seldom used in routine clinical practice in the Indian context. We sought to determine the prevalence of CMRI abnormalities in patients with DMD and BMD and to compare the CMRI parameters with the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective, observational study was conducted on patients genetically diagnosed with DMD and BMD who could complete CMRI between March 2020 and March 2022. Abnormal CMRI was the presence of any late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) that signifies myocardial fibrosis (LGE positivity), regional wall motion abnormality, or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF &lt;55%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 46 patients were included: 38 patients with DMD and eight with BMD. Cardiac abnormality was seen in 23 (50%) patients. LGE was more common than impaired LVEF in DMD (16, 42.1%), while impaired LVEF was more common in BMD (5, 62.5%). LGE was most frequently found in lateral wall (18\/19) followed by inferior (6\/19), septal (5\/19), anterior (2\/19), and apex (1\/19). Among the various clinicodemographic parameters, only age (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.495,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002) and disease duration (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.407,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.011) were found to significantly correlate with LGE in patients with DMD. No association was found between the various CMRI parameters and the genotype.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current study highlights the differences in myocardial fibrosis and LV dysfunction between DMD and BMD, along with other CMRI parameters. Notably, a genotype\u2013CMRI correlation was not found in the current cohort, which needs to be further explored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.aian_988_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T03:04:05Z","timestamp":1727665445000},"page":"552-557","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cardiac MRI in Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophy"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Manu Santhappan","family":"Girija","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiran","family":"Polavarapu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"},{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veeramani","family":"Preethish-Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seena","family":"Vengalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saraswati","family":"Nashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madassu","family":"Keertipriya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mainak","family":"Bardhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priya Treesa","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valasani Ravi","family":"Kiran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikas","family":"Nishadham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun","family":"Sadasivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akshata","family":"Huddar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gopi Krishnan","family":"Unnikrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashita","family":"Barthur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atchayaram","family":"Nalini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250109","first-page":"121","article-title":"Improvement of survival in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Retrospective analysis of 835 patients","volume":"31","author":"Passamano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Myol"},{"key":"R2-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-020-00456-0","article-title":"Duchenne muscular dystrophy: The heart of the matter","volume":"17","author":"Shih","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Heart Fail Rep"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"R3-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S72","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-0333I","article-title":"Cardiac management of the patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy","volume":"142","author":"Buddhe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"R4-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818608.","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.818608","article-title":"Cardiac MRI and echocardiography for early diagnosis of cardiomyopathy among boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A cross-sectional study","volume":"10","author":"Prakash","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"R5-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107.","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-15-107","article-title":"Prevalence and distribution of late gadolinium enhancement in a large population of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Effect of age and left ventricular systolic function","volume":"15","author":"Hor","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Resonance"},{"key":"R6-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487320923052","article-title":"Cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with muscular dystrophies","volume":"28","author":"Grigoratos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"R7-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.2217\/bmm-2018-0125","article-title":"Cardiac MRI biomarkers for Duchenne muscular dystrophy","volume":"12","author":"Magrath","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomark Med"},{"key":"R8-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(76)80053-6","article-title":"The pathology of the heart in progressive muscular dystrophy: Epimyocardial fibrosis","volume":"7","author":"Frankel","year":"1976","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"R9-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.4330\/wjc.v7.i7.410","article-title":"Cardiac involvement in Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy","volume":"7","author":"Mavrogeni","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Cardiol"},{"key":"R10-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.108.835793","article-title":"Late gadolinium-enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance identifies postinfarction myocardial fibrosis and the border zone at the near cellular level in Ex vivo rat heart","volume":"3","author":"Schelbert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"R11-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.11.013","article-title":"Assessment of myocardial fibrosis with cardiovascular magnetic resonance","volume":"57","author":"Mewton","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"R12-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-006-0244-z","article-title":"Contrast agents and cardiac MR imaging of myocardial ischemia: From bench to bedside","volume":"16","author":"Croisille","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"R13-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3318","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.12.3318","article-title":"Myocardial Gd-DTPA kinetics determine MRI contrast enhancement and reflect the extent and severity of myocardial injury after acute reperfused infarction","volume":"94","author":"Kim","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R14-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.10.078","article-title":"Myocardial delayed enhancement by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with muscular dystrophy","volume":"49","author":"Silva","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"R15-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001338.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001338","article-title":"Myocardial fibrosis burden predicts left ventricular ejection fraction and is associated with age and steroid treatment duration in Duchenne muscular dystrophy","volume":"4","author":"Tandon","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"R16-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.3233\/JND-190415","article-title":"The added value of cardiac magnetic resonance in muscular dystrophies","volume":"6","author":"Lamacie","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neuromuscul Dis"},{"key":"R17-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/CND.0000000000000204","article-title":"Current cardiac imaging approaches in Duchenne muscular dystrophy","volume":"20","author":"Poonja","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Neuromuscul Dis"},{"key":"R18-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.113.001144","article-title":"Late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance predicts adverse cardiovascular outcomes in nonischemic cardiomyopathy","volume":"7","author":"Kuruvilla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc 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Med"},{"key":"R26-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2799","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.528281","article-title":"Genetic predictors and remodeling of dilated cardiomyopathy in muscular dystrophy","volume":"112","author":"Jefferies","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R27-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.04.038","article-title":"Left ventricular dysfunction in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and genotype","volume":"114","author":"Ashwath","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"R28-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2015.01.030","article-title":"Dystrophin genotype\u2013cardiac phenotype correlations in Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"115","author":"Tandon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"R29-20250109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30025-5","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Part 2: Respiratory, cardiac, bone health, and orthopaedic management","volume":"17","author":"Birnkrant","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"R30-20250109","first-page":"CD009068","article-title":"Interventions for preventing and treating cardiac complications in Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy and X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"10","author":"Bourke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"}],"container-title":["Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aian.aian_988_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:51:47Z","timestamp":1787773907000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/aian.aian_988_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aian.aian_988_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0972-2327","1998-3549"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0972-2327","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3549","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-11-09","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-11","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}