{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:28:22Z","timestamp":1790616502381,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Acephalic spermatozoa syndrome is a rare type of teratozoospermia that severely impairs the reproductive ability of male patients, and genetic defects have been recognized as the main cause of acephalic spermatozoa syndrome. Spermatogenesis and centriole-associated 1 like (SPATC1L) is indispensable for maintaining the integrity of sperm head-to-tail connections in mice, but its roles in human sperm and early embryonic development remain largely unknown. Herein, we conducted whole-exome sequencing (WES) of 22 infertile men with acephalic spermatozoa syndrome. An\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in silico<\/jats:italic>\n                      analysis of the candidate variants was conducted, and WES data analysis was performed using another cohort consisting of 34 patients with acephalic spermatozoa syndrome and 25 control subjects with proven fertility. We identified biallelic mutations in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SPATC1L<\/jats:italic>\n                      (c.910C&gt;T:p.Arg304Cys and c.994G&gt;T:p.Glu332X) from a patient whose sperm displayed complete acephalia. Both\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SPATC1L<\/jats:italic>\n                      variants are rare and deleterious. SPATC1L is mainly expressed at the head\u2013tail junction of elongating spermatids. Plasmids containing pathogenic variants decreased the level of SPATC1L\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Moreover, none of the patient's four attempts at intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) resulted in a transplantable embryo, which suggests that\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SPATC1L<\/jats:italic>\n                      defects might affect early embryonic development. In conclusion, this study provides the first identification of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SPATC1L<\/jats:italic>\n                      as a novel gene for human acephalic spermatozoa syndrome. Furthermore, WES might be applied for patients with acephalic spermatozoa syndrome who exhibit reiterative ICSI failures.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/aja.aja_56_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]],"date-time":"2022-01-07T12:19:23Z","timestamp":1641557963000},"page":"67-72","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Biallelic mutations in spermatogenesis and centriole-associated 1 like (SPATC1L) cause acephalic spermatozoa syndrome and male infertility"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"You-Zhu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Sheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-Wei","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong-Feng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Ling","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing-Shen","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Li","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Ya","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Feng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhong-Xian","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fu-Xing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-12-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)50011-9","article-title":"Lack 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