{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T19:08:54Z","timestamp":1789412934450,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Central precocious puberty secondary to Leydig cell tumors is rare in children. We retrospectively analyzed the mid- to long-term follow-up data of patients with Leydig cell tumors. The clinical data of 12 consecutive patients who were treated at Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University (Beijing, China), between January 2016 and October 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical evaluations, including physical examination, hormone examination, serum tumor marker analysis, abdominal and scrotal ultrasound, chest X-ray, and bone age measurement, were conducted before surgery and at follow-up time points. Surgical approaches were selected according to the individual conditions. Patients with an abnormal hormonal status and suspected of having central precocious puberty were referred to endocrinologists to confirm the diagnosis. Subsequently, gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog therapy was proposed. The mean patient age was 81.3 (range: 40\u2013140) months at the time of the operation. Ten patients had peripheral precocious puberty at admission. All patients had elevated preoperative testosterone levels, whereas tumor marker levels were normal. Testis-sparing surgery was performed in eleven patients, and radical orchiectomy was performed in one patient. The follow-up duration (mean \u00b1 standard deviation) was 36.2 \u00b1 25.3 months. Five patients had central precocious puberty, with a mean duration of 3.4 (range: 1\u20136) months postoperatively. Three patients were receiving gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog therapy, and good suppression of puberty was observed. No risk factors were found for secondary central precocious puberty. There was a high prevalence of central precocious puberty secondary to Leydig cell tumors in our study. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog therapy has satisfactory treatment effects. Larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up are needed in future studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/aja202445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T07:01:34Z","timestamp":1723186894000},"page":"617-621","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Central precocious puberty should be taken seriously in children with Leydig cell tumors of the testis after surgical treatment: a tertiary center experience"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Pei","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zong-Han","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Cheng","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Xiu","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children\u2019s Health, Beijing 100045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20241031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2011.05.038","article-title":"EAU guidelines on testicular cancer:2011 update","volume":"60","author":"Albers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"R2-20241031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2021.02.063","article-title":"Management and outcome of paediatric testicular tumours \u2013a 20 year experience","volume":"56","author":"O'Shea","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R3-20241031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.03.083","article-title":"Enucleation for prepubertal Leydig cell tumor","volume":"176","author":"Henderson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J 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