{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T07:19:46Z","timestamp":1793863186505,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]],"date-time":"2024-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728604800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Varicocele, the most common and treatable cause of male infertility, significantly impacts fertility. The pathophysiological mechanisms of varicocele have not been fully understood yet. Recent studies have focused on the pathophysiology of varicocele-induced infertility, highlighting inflammation and oxidative stress as key contributing factors. We reviewed recent research on the roles of inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of varicocele and found that they negatively impact semen parameters, spermatogenesis, and testicular and epididymal function. In addition, this article summarizes the related factors of inflammation and oxidative stress caused by varicocele. Finally, a brief consideration on the treatments to address inflammation and oxidative stress is proposed. This review may provide treatment options and targets for varicocele-induced infertility. However, the relationship between inflammation and oxidative stress in varicocele still needs further study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/aja202488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]],"date-time":"2024-10-11T03:00:08Z","timestamp":1728615608000},"page":"177-184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Research advances in inflammation and oxidative stress in varicocele-induced male infertility: a narrative review"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Li-Hong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Andrology and Sexual Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China"},{"name":"Institution of Sexual Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Andrology and Sexual Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China"},{"name":"Institution of Sexual Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Andrology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Andrology and Sexual Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China"},{"name":"Institution of Sexual Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2017.98","article-title":"Varicocele and male infertility","volume":"14","author":"Jensen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"R2-20250303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13576","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13576","article-title":"Pathophysiology and treatment options of varicocele:an overview","volume":"53","author":"Su","year":"2021","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"R3-20250303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-018-1862-5","article-title":"Silymarin and celecoxib ameliorate experimental varicocele-induced pathogenesis:evidences for oxidative stress and inflammation inhibition","volume":"50","author":"Mazhari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"R4-20250303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.10.020","article-title":"Male infertility testing:reactive oxygen species and antioxidant capacity","volume":"102","author":"Ko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"R5-20250303","first-page":"300","article-title":"Evaluation of oxidative stress in testis and sperm of rat following induced varicocele","volume":"16","author":"Erfani Majd","year":"2019","journal-title":"Urol J"},{"key":"R6-20250303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2013.06.018","article-title":"Seminal soluble fas relationship with oxidative stress in infertile men with varicocele","volume":"82","author":"Tawadrous","year":"2013","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"R7-20250303","first-page":"279","article-title":"Extent of sperm DNA damage in spermatozoa from men examined for infertility. 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