{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:25:13Z","timestamp":1787775913864,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734998400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    To investigate the impact of preoperative serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels on the probability of testicular sperm retrieval, we conducted a study of nonobstructive azoospermic (NOA) men with different testicular volumes (TVs) who underwent microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE). A total of 177 NOA patients undergoing micro-TESE for the first time from April 2019 to November 2022 in Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China) were retrospectively reviewed. The subjects were divided into four groups based on average TV quartiles. Serum hormone levels in each TV group were compared between positive and negative sperm retrieval subgroups. Overall sperm retrieval rate was 57.6%. FSH levels (median [interquartile range]) were higher in the positive sperm retrieval subgroup compared with the negative outcome subgroup when average TV was &lt;5 ml (first quartile [Q1: TV &lt;3 ml]: 43.32 [17.92] IU l\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    vs 32.95 [18.56] IU l\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.048; second quartile [Q2: 3 ml \u2264 TV &lt;5 ml]: 31.31 [15.37] IU l\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    vs 25.59 [18.40] IU l\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.042). Elevated serum FSH levels were associated with successful micro-TESE sperm retrieval in NOA men whose average TVs were &lt;5 ml (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.06 per unit increase; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01\u20131.11;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.011). In men with TVs \u22655 ml, larger TVs were associated with lower odds of sperm retrieval (adjusted OR: 0.84 per 1 ml increase; 95% CI: 0.71\u20130.98;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.029). In conclusion, elevated serum FSH levels were associated with positive sperm retrieval in micro-TESE in NOA men with TVs &lt;5 ml. In men with TV \u22655 ml, increases in average TVs were associated with lower odds of sperm retrieval.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/aja202493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T02:00:37Z","timestamp":1735005637000},"page":"440-446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association of higher serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels with successful microdissection testicular sperm extraction outcomes in nonobstructive azoospermic men with reduced testicular volumes"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Ming-Zhe","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Jun","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen 518045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Qiang","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Si","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen 518045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wu-Biao","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shun","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Yun","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue-Qin","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong-Hua","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen 518045, China"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen 518045, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518045, 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